氨茶碱是目前临床常用且疗效较好的一种平喘药。但其治疗指数较窄,有效血药浓度为10～20μg·ml~(-r),低于此浓度疗效不显著,高于此浓度则会出现恶心、呕吐、心律不齐、惊厥甚至死亡等毒副作用。临床上常将氨茶碱与抗微生物药合用,药物相互作用能使氨茶碱药物动力学发生变化,从而影响其血药浓度,现综述如下。 Aminophylline is commonly used in clinical practice and a good antiasthmatic medicine. But its therapeutic index is narrow, the effective blood concentration is 10 ~ 20μg · ml ~ (-r), below which the curative effect is insignificant, above which there will be nausea, vomiting, arrhythmia, convulsions and even death toxic side effect. Often aminophylline and antimicrobials commonly used drugs, drug interactions can make aminophylline pharmacokinetics changes, thus affecting the plasma concentration, are summarized below.