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10月26日,法国国民议会通过了莫鲁瓦政府的国有化方案,这是社会党政府执政以来在国内政策上取得的第一个重大胜利。自密特朗总统今年5月上台以来,国有化一直是法国国内争论不休的问题。那么,法国的国有化究竟是怎么一回事呢? 由来已久在法国历史上,曾有过两次重要的国有化运动。第一次在三十年代,当时“人民阵线”上台执政,在莱翁·勃鲁姆(政府总理、社会党领袖)领导下,对一批企业实行了国有化。不过那次范围有限,国家更多地采取了控股公司(一般由国家控制大部分股份)的形式。第二次是在二次大战后的1944～46年期间。在戴高乐将军的主持下,把能
On October 26, the French National Assembly passed the nationalization plan of the Moroyawa government. This is the first major victory made by the Socialist government since its inception on the domestic policy. Since President Mitterrand came to power in May this year, nationalization has always been a matter of endless debate in France. So what happened with the nationalization of France? A long history In French history, there have been two important nationalization campaigns. For the first time in the thirties, when the “People’s Front” came to power and under the leadership of León Boulum (leader of the government and leader of the Socialist party), a number of enterprises were nationalized. However, the scope was limited, and the state took the form of holding companies (mostly controlled by the state at large). The second time was between 1944 and 46 after the Second World War. Under the chairmanship of General de Gaulle, put it