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人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)系统或称组织相容抗原(histocompatibi-lity antigen,)系统是人类已知最复杂的基因系统。人们为了提高临床移植效果发现了 HLA,而 HLA 的研究(尤其是小鼠 H_2的研究)证明其意义远不限于临床移植,而且具有更广泛的生物学意义,成了一个举世瞩目的领域。近年来,HLA 和人类疾病的相关性颇引起人们的注意,发现许多自身免疫性疾病和某些原因不明的疾病和 HLA 相关。这对这些疾病的发病机制的研究和免疫遗传学的探讨以及一些令人费解的临床现象的阐明都具有深远的意义。本文仅就 HLA 和神经系统疾病方面的研究成果和动向作一简要综述。
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system or the histocompatibi-lity antigen system is the most complex gene system known to man. People have found HLA in order to improve clinical transplanting effect, and HLA research (especially mouse H 2 research) has proved its significance far beyond clinical transplantation, and has a broader biological meaning, has become a world of attention. In recent years, the correlation between HLA and human diseases has drawn much attention and found that many autoimmune diseases are associated with some unknown diseases and HLA. This study of the pathogenesis of these diseases and the study of immunological genetics and some puzzling clinical manifestations have far-reaching significance. This article only a brief overview of the research findings and trends in HLA and neurological diseases.