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我国的面积约有近九百六十万平方公里,南北长约五千公里,跨纬度近五十度。这样辽阔的面积,由於各地的纬度不同,地势高低不同,距海的远近不同,因此气候也就很复杂。我国各地,除了南部南海诸岛、海南岛、广东、台湾的南部是热带以外,其馀大部地方都是温带气候。只是黑龙江省北部没有很炎热的气候,那里一年有六个月的结冰期,冬天的温度经常到摄氏零下二、三十度。内蒙自治区海拉尔东边的免渡河,有一次气温降低到摄氏零下五十点一度,这里是中国有名的“寒极”。海南岛和台湾南部的气候,一年有七个月以上是夏天,冬天的温度也不过在摄氏十九度左右。在那里住的人,从来也看不见
The area of our country is approximately 9.6 million square kilometers, with a length of 5,000 kilometers from north to south and a latitude of nearly 50 degrees. This vast area, because of different latitudes, different terrains, and different distances from the sea, the climate is very complicated. In all parts of China, except for the southern part of the South China Sea islands, Hainan Island, Guangdong, and Taiwan, which are tropical, most of the vast parts of the country have a temperate climate. It is only in the northern part of Heilongjiang Province that there is no very hot climate. There is a glacial period of six months a year. The temperature in winter often reaches minus two to thirty degrees Celsius. The Yidu River east of Hailar, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, once had its temperature dropped to minus 50 degrees Celsius. This is the famous “cold pole” in China. The climate in Hainan Island and southern Taiwan is more than seven months a year in summer, and the temperature in winter is about 19 degrees Celsius. People who live there are never seen