食管多原发癌是指在食管不同部位同时或先后发生的两个或两个以上的癌。同时或在六个月以内发生的癌称为同期性食管多原发癌，在半年以上发生的癌称为异时性食管多原发癌。诊断食管多原发癌根据国外Ｗａ多及国内刘氏等的报道，具有以下三个标准。１．Ｘ线造影有典型的双癌或多 Multiple primary esophageal cancers are two or more cancers that occur simultaneously or sequentially in different parts of the esophagus. Cancer that occurs at the same time or within six months is called multiple concurrent esophageal primary cancers. Cancer that occurs more than half a year is called multiple esophageal primary cancer. The diagnosis of multiple primary esophageal cancers is based on the reports of foreign Wa and domestic Liu, and has the following three criteria. 1. X-rays have a typical double cancer or multiple