目的　应用横形切口进行乳腺癌根治手术 ,并与传统纵形切口比较其对手术预后的影响。方法　将乳腺癌患者随机分到自行设计的横切口术式和传统纵形切口术式两组 ,比较两组乳癌根治手术的并发症发生率和 6个月、1年、3年、5年存活率。结果　两组各期生存率无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但两组并发症发生率有显著性差异 (0 .0 5 >P >0 .0 1 )。结论　横切口术式适用于各临床分期乳腺癌 ,能满足各种根治手术要求 ;具有术后并发症轻、发生率低的特点 ;能减轻患者由于术后一侧乳房缺如所带来的心理影响 ,为术后的乳房再造创造良好条件 Objective To apply horizontal incision for radical mastectomy and to compare its effect on the prognosis of surgery with conventional longitudinal incision. Methods The patients with breast cancer were randomly divided into two groups, transverse incision and traditional incision incision. The incidence of complication after radical operation of breast cancer was compared between the two groups and 6 months, 1 year, 3 years and 5 years rate. Results There was no significant difference in the survival rates between the two groups (P> 0.05), but there was a significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (0. 05> P> 0 01). Conclusion The transverse incision is suitable for all clinical stages of breast cancer and can meet various requirements of radical surgery. It has the characteristics of light postoperative complications and low incidence. It can alleviate the psychological problems of the patients due to the lack of breast on one side Influence, create favorable conditions for postoperative breast reconstruction