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目的了解西安地区住院患者与健康人群Rh血型分布特征,探讨Rh抗原分型检测在临床输血安全中的意义。方法采用血清学方法对10 898例住院患者和5 121例健康人做Rh抗原分型检测,并对住院患者进行不规则抗体筛查和鉴定。结果住院患者与健康人群的RhD阳性表型分布频率差异有统计学意义,并且在构成比中,住院患者表型Dccee(0.42%)>DCc EE(0.12%),而健康人DCc EE(0.33%)>Dccee(0.21%);在RhD阳性患者中,Rh表型以CCee和Cc Ee为优势表型,在RhD阴性患者中,Rh表型以ccee和Ccee为优势表型;Rh 5种抗原的阴性率由高到低依次为E(51.24%)>c(41.42%)>C(12.04)>e(7.82%)>D(0.83%);在检出的37例同种抗体中,Rh抗体28例,占75.7%,其中抗-E17例,抗-c E4例,抗-D3例,抗-Ce2例,抗-C1例,抗-c1例。结论应用Rh抗原分型检测技术,选择与患者Rh表型相匹配的献血员红细胞输注,可在一定程度上减少同种抗体的产生,降低输血不良反应的发生率。
Objective To understand the distribution of Rh blood type in hospitalized patients and healthy people in Xi’an and to explore the significance of Rh antigen typing in clinical transfusion safety. Methods A total of 10 898 hospitalized patients and 5 121 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. Rh antigens were detected by serological methods and randomized inpatients were screened and identified. Results There were significant differences in the distribution of RhD positive phenotype among hospitalized patients and healthy subjects. In the constituent ratio, the phenotypes of Dccee (0.42%)> DCc EE (0.12%) in hospitalized patients and DCc EE (0.33% )> Dccee (0.21%). In RhD-positive patients, Rh phenotype was predominant with CCee and Cc Ee. In RhD-negative patients, Rh phenotype was dominated by ccee and Ccee phenotypes; Rh 5 antigen The highest negative rates were E (51.24%)> C (41.42%)> C (12.04)> e (7.82%)> D (0.83%). Among the 37 alloantibodies detected, 28 cases, accounting for 75.7%, including anti-E17 cases, anti-c E4 cases, anti-D3 cases, anti-Ce2 cases, anti-C1 cases, anti-c1 cases. CONCLUSIONS: According to Rh antigen typing test, red blood cell transfused blood donors matching Rh phenotype can reduce the production of alloantibodies to a certain extent and reduce the incidence of adverse transfusion reactions.