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癫持续状态(SE)的临床研究可分为3个阶段:1.临床与病理学发展时期(1750-1920年),以临床观察和组织解剖学研究为特征;2.临床与脑电图学发展时期(1924-1980年),Berger将脑电图技术应用于临床;3.基础与临床研究发展时期(1980年以后),应用分子生物学和神经影像学等现代科学技术,促进癫的基础与临床研究。SE的基本定义也随着基础研究的进展与临床诊疗的需要而不断完善。1962年马赛会议提出:SE指任何持续足够长时间或反复发作足以产生稳固或持久的癫发作现象。2001年国际抗癫联盟(ILAE)提出:SE为绝大多数患者中某种癫发作的持续不缓解,或反复发作的间歇期内中枢神经功能也不能恢复到原有基础水平的发作情况。SE时程也随之不断演变,从最初提出的30～60min缩短至目前的5～10min,并提出难治性SE的新概念。SE分类取决于不同的临床需要,Gastaut最初提出SE的分类应该与癫发作的分类一致;ILAE根据病因学将SE分为急性症状性、远期症状性、特发性、隐匿性和未能分类的SE;根据是否出现骨骼肌收缩又将SE分为惊厥性与非惊厥性;根据不同年龄期起病及癫综合征特点,制定了年龄相关的SE分类;根据SE发作时程及演变过程,又分为初期或早期性、典型或确立性、难治性、微小发作性和部分缓解性SE;2006年ILAE根据癫发作的病理机制与临床需要制定了新的SE分类法。
Clinical studies of epileptic seizures (SE) can be divided into three phases: 1. The period of clinical and pathological development (1750-1920), characterized by clinical observations and histological anatomy; 2. The clinical and electroencephalographic During the period of development (1924-1980), Berger applied electroencephalography to clinical practice; 3. During the period of basic and clinical research (after 1980), he applied modern science and technology such as molecular biology and neuroimaging to promote epilepsy Basic and clinical research. The basic definition of SE also improves with the progress of basic research and the need of clinical diagnosis and treatment. 1962 Marseille proposed: SE refers to any sustained long enough or repeated attacks enough to produce a solid or lasting epileptic seizures. In 2001, the International League against Anti-epilepsy (ILAE) proposed that SE should not continue to relieve a certain type of epileptic seizure in the vast majority of patients or that the central nervous system function can not be restored to its original level during the intermittent episode of repeated episodes . SE duration also evolves, shortened from the initial 30-60min to the current 5-10min and proposed a new concept of refractory SE. SE classification depends on different clinical needs, Gastaut initially proposed that the classification of SE should be consistent with the classification of epileptic seizures; ILAE according to the etiology of SE into acute symptomatic, long-term symptomatic, idiopathic, occult and failed According to whether the occurrence of skeletal muscle contraction SE again divided into convulsive and non-convulsive; according to different age onset and epilepsy syndrome characteristics, developed age-related classification of SE; according to SE seizures and evolution Process, and is divided into early or early, typical or established, refractory, minor and partial response SE SE; 2006 ILAE according to the pathological mechanism of epileptic seizures and clinical needs to develop a new SE classification.