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了解一年级大学生心理健康水平及其相关因素,为大学生教育及自身成长提供科学依据。采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)调查一年级师专生327名,与国内常模青年组对照,结果:一年级大学生SCL-90各因子(1.46±2.12)、阳性项目数(39.6±20.12)均高于国内正常人青年组,除躯体化因子外,差异均具显著性。而且本组学生98例(31.6％)有一个或多个因子分≥3分。提示,一年级大学生心理卫生状况在总体水平上明显低于同龄人,常见的心理问题为人际关系敏感,强迫,情绪抑郁和敌对性四方面,其中达中度痛苦水平的占10％以上。另外,与其它调查对照发现一年级大学生发生心理问题的人数及严重度较中学生及大学高年级学生为高。
To understand the freshmen’s mental health level and its related factors, to provide a scientific basis for the education of college students and their own growth. A total of 327 first-year undergraduates were investigated by Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), and compared with the norm norm group in China. The results showed that the scores of SCL-90 (1.46 ± 2.12) and the number of positive items 20.12) were higher than the normal youth group in China, with the exception of somatization factor, the differences were significant. And 98 cases (31.6%) of the students in this group have one or more factors score ≥3 points. The results showed that the mental health status of freshmen in the first grade was significantly lower than that of their peers at the overall level. The common psychological problems were the four aspects of human-relationship sensitivity, coercion, depression and hostility, of which 10% were moderate pain. In addition, compared with other surveys, we found that the number and severity of first-year college students’ psychological problems were higher than those of middle school students and college seniors.