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【目的】分离获得新疆地区的昆虫病原线虫及其共生细菌,确定其种属及共生细菌的分类地位,为新疆利用昆虫病原线虫进行生物防治害虫提供新的选择和奠定基础。【方法】采用黄粉甲(Tenebrio molitor)幼虫为诱导昆虫,采用Whitetrap法收集侵染期线虫,通过致死的昆虫血腔和侵染期线虫直接分离共生细菌,利用18S rRNA与形态鉴定初步确定昆虫病原线虫的种属,利用16S rRNA与形态初步确定其共生细菌的分类地位。【结果】从新疆伊犁州尼勒克县一山区牧场林带土壤中分离出一种能够有效致死黄粉甲幼虫的昆虫病原线虫,经初步鉴定其属于异小杆属线虫,与嗜菌异小杆线虫进化距离最近,初步命名为嗜菌异小杆线虫尼勒克品系(Heterorhabditis bacteriophora strain Nileke);分离出其共生细菌,初步鉴定为Photorhabdus luminescens(NLK-1),但无荧光。【结论】在新疆本土成功分离出一种异小杆属昆虫病原线虫及其共生细菌,初步确定了其种属,为在新疆本土开展以昆虫病原线虫为主的生物防治害虫提供了新的选择及途径,为开展本地区更广泛的分离筛选奠定了基础。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to isolate and acquire the entomopathogenic nematodes and their symbionts in Xinjiang and to determine the taxonomic status of their species and commensal bacteria and to provide a new choice and foundation for the biological control of insect pests by the entomopathogenic nematode in Xinjiang. 【Method】 Larvae of Tenebrio molitor were used to induce insects. The nematodes were collected by Whitetrap method. The symbiotic bacteria were directly isolated from the dead and the infected nematode. The 18S rRNA and morphological identification were used to determine the entomopathogenic Nematode species, the use of 16S rRNA and morphology initially determine the taxonomic status of its symbiotic bacteria. 【Result】 An entomopathogenic nematode that could kill the yellow-spot larvae effectively was isolated from the soil in the pastureland of a mountainous area in Nilik region, Ili Prefecture, Xinjiang. After preliminary identification, it belonged to the genus Leishmania, The evolutionary distance was initially named Heterorhabditis bacteriophora strain Nileke. The symbiotic bacteria were isolated and initially identified as Photorhabdus luminescens (NLK-1) but without fluorescence. 【Conclusion】 One species of heterobacter insect and its symbiotic bacteria were successfully isolated in Xinjiang and preliminary identification of their species provided a new option for the biological control of insect pests in Xinjiang. And ways to lay the foundation for broader screening in the region.