发达市场经济中国家的经济政策所面临的主要问题之一便是“垄断一竞争”的比例关系（本文中所谈的垄断是指对竞争的各种形式的限制政策，首先是指以调整价格形式表现的限制政策，而实行这种政策的有某些私人生产企业或其集团，有时还有国家）。在不同的历史时期和不同的国家中 One of the major problems facing economic policies of developed country economies in developed market economies is the “monopoly-competition” ratio (the monopoly referred to in this article refers to various forms of restrictive policies on competition, starting with the adjustment of prices Formal restrictions on the performance of the policy, and the implementation of such policies are some of the private manufacturing enterprises or their groups, and sometimes countries). In different historical periods and in different countries