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法兰西公共领域是18世纪法国社会变革的大环境下市民阶级与国家关系复杂演变的过程中实现的。特定的沙龙政治文化也在法国公共领域的形成过程中起了重要作用。旧制度下三个等级的社会分层状况,决定了其公共领域身份上的非纯粹资产阶级性,以及结构与功能上的复杂性。由于大革命的激烈与激进特性,在资产阶级公共领域的旁边甚至衍生出了平民公共领域的雏形。法国公共领域呈现的是一种非常态性:即形成与发展过程中的曲折性与跳跃性并举,成份上的复杂性与行为上的情绪性同存。这种公共领域的生成与成熟,对于法国革命,乃至整个法国的发展都具有方向性意义。
The French public sphere was realized in the complex evolution of the relationship between the citizen class and the state in the context of French social change in the 18th century. The specific salon culture also played an important role in shaping the French public sphere. The three levels of social stratification under the old system determine the non-pure bourgeoisie’s identity in the public sphere and the structural and functional complexity. Due to the intense and radical nature of the Great Revolution, a prototype of civilian public sphere was even derived from the bourgeois public sphere. The French public sphere presents an extraordinary state: the twists and turns in the process of formation and development, the complexity in composition and the emotional state in behavior. The formation and maturity of this public sphere have a direct bearing on the French revolution and the development of France as a whole.