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文章对中原地区新石器时代末期到青铜时代早期的3个代表性遗址——陶寺遗址、新砦遗址和二里头遗址出土的羊骨进行了分析,以探讨当时家羊的次级产品开发状况。研究结果表明,陶寺遗址在陶寺文化晚期、新砦遗址在新砦遗址二期与三期以及二里头遗址在二里头文化四期出土的羊,死亡年龄结构符合产羊毛的屠宰模式,说明中原地区新石器时代末期到青铜时代早期不仅存在以开发羊毛为主要目的的养羊经济,而且当时羊毛开发经济有一定的普遍性。3个遗址中,羊在动物群中数量的增加体现了养羊经济的发展,这可能与羊毛开发经济的刺激有一定的关系。陶寺遗址与二里头遗址的动物考古学研究还显示在遗址不同时期羊的开发方式存在差异,暗示当时的都城遗址与一般遗址居民或不同社会阶层与人群开发利用羊的方式可能存在一定的差异。
The paper analyzes the three representative sites from the Neolithic Age to the early Bronze Age in the Central Plains - the Taosi Site, the Xinzhai Site and the sheep bones unearthed at Erlitou Site in order to explore the development status of secondary products . The results show that the Tao Si site in the late Tao Si culture, the Xinzhai ruins in the Xinzhai ruins two and three and Erlitou site in Erlitou culture unearthed in four sheep age structure consistent with the slaughtering mode of production, that In the Central Plains from the Neolithic Age to the early Bronze Age, there was not only the economy of raising sheep for the primary purpose of developing wool, but also the prevalence of wool development economy at that time. Among the three sites, the increase in the number of sheep in the fauna reflected the economic development of raising sheep, which may be related to the economic stimulus of wool development. Animal archeology at Taosi site and Erlitou site also shows that there are differences in the development of sheep in different periods of the site, suggesting that there may be some differences in the ways that the capital sites and general site residents or different groups of people exploit and utilize sheep at that time .