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目的调查电接触职业人群中电击伤者的人格特征,为减少电接触事故的发生提供依据。方法采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)对2010—2011年上海交通大学附属瑞金医院住院的98名电击伤者进行人格特征调查与分析。结果 98名从事电接触相关工作的电击伤患者EPQ中精神质因子、神经质因子和掩饰性因子得分分别为4.40±0.42、8.73±0.46和14.93±0.65,均高于全国常模因子的相应得分2.73±2.05、4.42±2.95和6.19±2.96(P<0.01);男、女EPQ各量表得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);工龄<5年者的精神质因子、神经质因子以及内、外向维度得分均高于工龄≥5年者(P<0.01)。结论电击伤者具有高神经质、高精神质、高掩饰性的人格特征,该人格特征者在从事高危工作时易发生事故。招聘高危职业人员时,从人格特征角度进行筛选可能有助于减少工伤事故的发生。
Objective To investigate the personality traits of electric shock victims in electric contact occupational groups and provide basis for reducing the occurrence of electric contact accidents. Methods The EPQ was used to investigate and analyze the personality traits of 98 electric shocks hospitalized in Shanghai Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University from 2010 to 2011. Results The score of psychotic, neurotic and occult factors in EPQ of 98 electric shock-related workers were 4.40 ± 0.42, 8.73 ± 0.46 and 14.93 ± 0.65, respectively, which were all higher than the corresponding national standard factor of 2.73 ± 2.05,4.42 ± 2.95 and 6.19 ± 2.96 respectively (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between male and female EPQ scores (P> 0.05). The mental quality factor, neuroticism factor, Outward dimension scores were higher than the length of service more than 5 years (P <0.01). Conclusion The electric shock victims have high neuroticism, high psychoticism and high disguise personality traits, which are prone to accidents in high-risk work. When recruiting high-risk occupations, screening from a personality perspective may help reduce the number of work-related accidents.