一、后发地区创新的最大障碍是技术落后还是制度瓶颈经济发展主要是由资本积累、产业结构和技术进步三个因素所决定的。这三个方面,技术进步是最根本、最重要的因素。所谓后发地区与发达地区的差距,很大程度上是运用技术推进社会经济发展的差距。由于许多后发地区在工业化尚未完成之前,技术创新浪潮就接踵而至,因此,理论研究和实践证明,后发地区存在着后 I. The biggest obstacle to innovation in late-developing areas is the backward technology or the bottleneck of the system Economic development is mainly determined by three factors: capital accumulation, industrial structure and technological progress. In these three aspects, technological progress is the most fundamental and most important factor. The disparity between the so-called late-onset areas and the developed areas is to a large extent the gap in using technology to promote social and economic development. Since many late-coming areas have not yet completed the industrialization before the wave of technological innovation followed, therefore, theoretical research and practice have shown that there are post-emergence areas after