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目的控讨空降兵膝关节前交叉韧带损伤的机制,寻求防治的方法。方法测量正常国人标本股骨髁间窝横、纵径及其相关值;建立生物力学模型,模拟膝关节伸直前交叉韧带及其重建韧带的损伤机制;强化腘绳肌、腓肠肌肌力训练;开展髁间窝扩大成形术。结果临床应用29例中随访1年以上者20例,无1例出现重建韧带撞击现象,膝关节稳定性能良好。髁间窝扩大成形后,重建韧带撞击现象消失。强化腘绳肌、腓肠肌训练方法运用于我院空降医疗队伞训中,无1例出现膝关节前交叉韧带损伤。结论正常髁间窝相关值可能为空降兵筛选体检及髁间窝扩大成形术提供参考指标;髁间窝扩大成形能有效预防重建韧带撞击现象,替代前交叉韧带的功能;加强腘绳肌、腓肠肌肌力训练,强化其与前交叉韧带协同作用,是预防前交叉韧带损伤的有效措施。
Objective To investigate the mechanism of knee anterior cruciate ligament injury in airborne troops and seek ways to prevent them. Methods The transverse and longitudinal diameters of the femoral intercondylar notch and its related values in normal Chinese were measured. The biomechanical model was established to simulate the injury mechanism of the anterior cruciate ligament and the reconstructed ligament in the knee joint. The muscle strength training of the hamstring and gastrocnemius was intensified. Intercondylar fossa enlargement. Results The clinical application of 29 cases were followed up for more than 1 year in 20 cases, no one case of reconstruction ligament impact, knee stability is good. After the expansion of the intercondylar notch formed ligament reconstruction disappears. Strengthen hamstring, gastrocnemius muscle training method used in our hospital airborne medical team umbrella training, no one case of knee anterior cruciate ligament injury. CONCLUSION: The value of normal intercondylar notch may provide a reference index for air-raid screening examination and intercondylar lumbar enlargement angioplasty. Expansion of the intercondylar notch can effectively prevent the reconstruction of ligament impaction, replace the function of anterior cruciate ligament, strengthen the hamstring muscle and gastrocnemius muscle Muscle training, strengthening its synergistic effect with the anterior cruciate ligament, is an effective measure to prevent anterior cruciate ligament injury.