论文部分内容阅读
目的了解甘肃秦安县饮水型氟中毒病区防治措施落实进度、防治效果及病情变化动态,为制定地方性氟中毒防治策略提供科学依据。方法用Dean氏法进行儿童氟斑牙诊断,离子选择电极法测定水氟、尿氟含量,X线拍片检查氟骨症,成人临床氟骨症诊断参照GB16396-1996和WS192-1999标准。结果1991～2007年国家监测点改水工程正常使用率平均为51.48%(364/707),15.56%(101/707)的改水工程间歇使用,32.96%(233/707)的改水工程已报废,调查的改水工程水氟含量≤1.0 mg/L的占45.01%(194/431),1.0～2.0 mg/L的占52.44%(226/431),>2.0 mg/L的占2.55%(11/431)。监测点水源水和居民户饮用水水氟含量均在1.0mg/L以下;儿童氟斑牙检出率平均为37.79%,氟斑牙指数平均为0.73;尿氟含量均值在1.50 mg/L左右。结论改水工程报废和水氟超标现象普遍,儿童氟斑牙病情尚未达到控制标准,尿氟含量也超标,应加强对改水工程的水质监测和工程管理,保证病区饮用低氟水,以达到控制和基本消除地氟病的目的。
Objective To understand the progress of implementation of prevention and treatment measures, prevention and treatment and disease changes in drinking water fluorosis area in Qinan County, Gansu Province, and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and treatment strategies of endemic fluorosis. Methods The diagnosis of children dental fluorosis was performed by Dean’s method, fluorine and urinary fluoride were determined by ion-selective electrode method, skeletal fluorosis was diagnosed by X-ray film, and the diagnosis of clinical skeletal fluorosis was based on GB16396-1996 and WS192-1999 standards. Results The average utilization rates of water diversion works at national monitoring points from 1991 to 2007 were 51.48% (364/707) on average, 15.56% (101/707) intermittent water diversion projects and 32.96% (233/707) water diversion projects L, the rate of water pollution in the surveyed watershed was 45.01% (194/431) with fluorine ≤1.0 mg / L, 52.44% (226/431) with 1.0-2.0 mg / L, 2.55% with> 2.0 mg / L, (11/431). The fluoride content of source water and household drinking water at the monitoring sites were below 1.0mg / L. The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children was 37.79% on average, and the mean value of dental fluorosis index was 0.73. The mean urinary fluoride content was about 1.50 mg / L . Conclusion It is common to scrap water and excessive fluorine in water projects. Children with dental fluorosis have not yet reached the control standard and urinary fluoride content exceeds the standard. Water quality monitoring and project management of the water diversion project should be strengthened to ensure low fluoride water for drinking in the ward To control and basically eliminate the purpose of fluoride disease.