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目的：探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)与保守治疗骨质疏松导致椎体压缩性骨折的临床效果。方法选择2013年1月至2014年1月在我院骨科治疗的骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者44例，其中行(PKP)治疗20例(观察组），保守治疗24例(对照组），分析比较两组治疗前及治疗后1周，1月，3月，6月的视觉疼痛评分(VAS)及椎体高度恢复，同时比较下地活动时间，住院天数及并发症方面的差别。结果两组患者VAS评分术前和术后6个月比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)，但在1周，3个月有统计学意义(P 0.05), but in 1 week, 3 months was statistical y significant (P < 0.05), and have engaged in activities earlier, shorter hospitalization time, the advantages of less complications, but higher cost;Conclusion Two methods of treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures of the forward curative effect can achieve very good effect, but the short-term efficacy of PKP holds the treatment is superior to conservative treatment, and early ambulation, reduce complications, worthy of clinical doctors application promotion.