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目的了解宜昌市城区未成年人动物咬伤概况,为提出有效的预防控制措施提供参考。方法收集2013年宜昌市疾病预防控制中心预防接种门诊所有动物咬伤患者暴露处置记录,录入数据库并进行统计分析。结果全年有1 012例未成年人被动物咬伤病例,占全人群动物咬伤病例的19.02%;动物咬伤时间呈典型的季节性分布,春夏季高发;男性(61.36%)高于女性(38.64%),7~14岁组未成年人为高危人群(58.10%);主要致伤动物为犬,占85.67%。各年龄段人群在暴露部位构成上差异有统计学意义(χ2=148.205,P<0.01),学龄前儿童组主要伤及头面部和上肢,占该年龄组的73.54%,而青少年组主要伤及部位为四肢(77.12%)。结论应全民普及狂犬病相关知识,增强对未成年人的保护,同时,加强对犬类动物的规范管理。
Objective To understand the general situation of minors in urban area of Yichang City and provide reference for the effective prevention and control measures. Methods The records of exposure and disposal of all animals with bites in vaccination clinics of Yichang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2013 were collected and entered into the database for statistical analysis. Results A total of 1 012 cases of minors were bitten by animals in the whole year, accounting for 19.02% of the total cases of animal bites. The bites of animals showed typical seasonal distribution with high incidence in spring and summer, and 61.36% in males (61.36%) than in females (38.64%). Juveniles aged 7-14 years old were at high risk (58.10%). The main animals were dogs, accounting for 85.67%. There were significant differences in the composition of exposed parts among all age groups (χ2 = 148.205, P <0.01). The main injuries in the preschool children group were head and face and upper limbs, accounting for 73.54% of the total age group, while the major injuries in the adolescent group Parts of the limbs (77.12%). Conclusion All people should popularize rabies-related knowledge and enhance the protection of minors. At the same time, the standard management of dogs should be strengthened.