化肥污染是指农田由于施用大量化学肥料而引起水体、土壤和大气的污染。农田所施用的化肥,无论任何种类和形态,都不可能全部被植物吸收利用,化肥的利用率,氮为30%-60%,磷为3%-25%,钾为30%-60%。未被植物及时利用的化肥,会在土壤水向下渗时被转移到植物根系分布密集层次以下造成 Fertilizer pollution refers to the farmland due to the application of large amounts of chemical fertilizers caused by water, soil and air pollution. Fertilizers applied to farmland can not be totally absorbed by plants regardless of species or form. The utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is 30% -60% for nitrogen, 3% -25% for phosphorus and 30% -60% for potassium. Fertilizers that are not used in a timely manner by the plant will be transferred below the densely distributed roots of the plant when the soil water is infiltrated