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目的:研究口腔颌面部高速投射物伤导致的牙周膜间接损伤的特点。方法:将18只实验犬随机分为6组,以直径6.0 mm、质量0.88 g的高速投射物致伤右下颌骨体部第四前磨牙根尖下方区域,但不直接伤及牙齿;分别于伤后6 h、24 h、3 d、7 d、2 w及4 w处死实验犬,观察右下颌第四前磨牙、第二前磨牙及左下颌第二前磨牙牙周膜的组织病理学表现。结果:右下颌第四前磨牙和第二前磨牙的牙周膜损伤较明显,但病理学变化可逆;左下颌第二前磨牙牙周膜仅见一过性血管扩张、充血。结论:口腔颌面部高速投射物伤可导致牙周膜发生间接损伤,病理学变化可逆;损伤程度随着牙齿与伤区距离的增加而递减。
Objective: To study the characteristics of indirect injury of periodontal ligament caused by high-speed projection of oral and maxillofacial projection. Methods: Eighteen experimental dogs were randomly divided into six groups. The high-speed projectile with a diameter of 6.0 mm and a mass of 0.88 g was used to injure the area below the root tip of the fourth premolar in the right mandibular body without injuring the teeth directly. The dogs were sacrificed at 6 h, 24 h, 3 d, 7 d, 2 w and 4 w after injury, and the histopathological findings of the periodontal ligament in the fourth premolar, the second premolar and the second premolar . Results: The periodontal ligament damage of the fourth premolar and the second premolar of the right lower quadrant was more obvious, but the pathological changes were reversible. Only a transient vasodilatation and hyperemia were observed in the second premolar periodontal ligament. CONCLUSION: High-speed projection injury of oral and maxillofacial region can cause indirect damage to the periodontal ligament and its pathological changes are reversible. The degree of injury decreases with the distance between the tooth and the wound.