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为进一步认识中药提取过程的传质机理,进行传质强化,以大黄颗粒为对象研究了药材溶胀现象。利用扫描电子显微镜和数字照相技术测试了溶剂对药材骨架微观结构及宏观尺度的影响,并研究了饱和溶胀比和溶胀速率的影响因素。结果表明:溶胀使药材骨架结构伸展;溶剂对骨架材料的影响各异,水使其膨胀,乙醇则相反;溶胀后的颗粒体积随溶剂中乙醇含量升高明显下降;水对药材的饱和溶胀比远大于乙醇;对同种溶剂,饱和溶胀比随温度升高、粒度增大有所下降;乙醇溶胀速度远快于水。
In order to further understand the mechanism of mass transfer in the extraction process of traditional Chinese medicine and mass transfer enhancement, the swelling phenomenon of medicinal materials was studied with Dahuang granules as the object. The effect of solvent on the microstructure and macroscopic size of the drug carrier skeleton was tested using scanning electron microscopy and digital photography techniques. The influencing factors of saturated swelling ratio and swelling rate were studied. The results showed that: the swelling expands the skeleton of the medicinal material; the influence of the solvent on the skeleton material is different, and water swells, ethanol is the opposite; the volume of the swelled particles decreases significantly with the increase of the ethanol content in the solvent; the saturated swelling ratio of water to the medicinal material It is much larger than ethanol; for the same kind of solvent, the saturation swelling ratio decreases with increasing temperature and particle size; the swelling rate of ethanol is much faster than that of water.