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目的探讨老年人肺栓塞的临床特点和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析25例老年肺栓塞患者的临床表现,诊断方法及溶栓抗凝治疗的疗效,并比较老年肺栓塞与非老年肺栓塞患者在病因、临床表现等方面的差异。结果老年人易发生肺栓塞的因素为:下肢深静脉血栓,恶性肿瘤,外科手术,卧床>3d和高血压等,老年人肺栓塞的临床表现更不典型,症状繁多,以程度不等的呼吸困难为主要临床特征,螺旋CT(CTPA)可作为老年人急性肺栓塞的首选和可靠的诊断方法及疗效评价手段。结论小剂量溶栓治疗对老年人是安全有效的治疗手段,抗血小板凝聚治疗无效。
Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatment of pulmonary embolism in the elderly. Methods A retrospective analysis of 25 elderly patients with pulmonary embolism clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and the effect of thrombolysis anticoagulation therapy, and compared the elderly patients with pulmonary embolism and non-elderly pulmonary embolism in the etiology, clinical manifestations and other aspects of the differences. Results The most common causes of pulmonary embolism in the elderly were deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities, malignancy, surgery, bed rest> 3d, and hypertension. The clinical manifestations of pulmonary embolism in the elderly were more typical and varied with varying degrees of breathing Difficulties as the main clinical features, spiral CT (CTPA) can be used as the first choice for elderly patients with acute pulmonary embolism and reliable diagnostic methods and evaluation of the means. Conclusion Small dose thrombolysis is a safe and effective treatment for the elderly, antiplatelet therapy is ineffective.