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人类在岩溶地区的各种活动引起了水文工程地质环境的改变,由此带来了一系列的问题,这些问题带有普遍性和现实性,对其研究有重要意义。 本文分为两部分。第一部分对岩溶地质环境作了概述。认为影响和控制岩溶发育的因素是多种多样和错综复杂的,岩溶是复杂的综合理化作用过程。岩溶地质环境的改变,主要是岩溶水文地质条件的变化。在控制岩溶地质环境的形成和发展的诸因素中,气候、岩性和构造是主要的。在对区域岩溶发育规律的研究中,重要的是要揭示区别于一般性质的特殊性,那就是岩溶发育程度的差异和不均一. 第二部分叙述了在岩溶地区发生的,主要是因人类活动引起自然地质环境改变而出现的水库诱发地震、边坡失稳、岩溶水库坝址渗漏、地面塌陷、地表失水和水源枯竭、水质污染等问题。作者认为,水是最活跃的因素,它反应灵敏,无孔不入,在岩溶地区水与人们的关系最为密切,对岩溶区域环境的研究应突出水文地质因素。
Human activities in the karst region have caused the hydrological engineering geological environment change, which has brought a series of problems, which are universal and realistic and of great significance to their research. This article is divided into two parts. The first part gives an overview of karst geological environment. The factors that influence and control the development of karst are diverse and intricate. Karst is a complex and complex physical and chemical process. Karst geological environment changes, mainly karst hydrogeological conditions change. Among the factors controlling the formation and development of karst geological environment, climate, lithology and tectonics are the major ones. In the study of the regional karst development law, it is important to reveal the particularity different from the general nature, that is, the difference and unevenness of karst development degree.The second part describes the karst areas, mainly due to human activities Caused by the changes of natural geological environment, such as reservoir-induced earthquakes, slope instability, seepage at karst dam sites, ground subsidence, surface water loss, water depletion and water pollution. The author thinks that water is the most active factor, and it is sensitive and all-pervasive. Water has the closest relationship with people in the karst area, and hydrogeological factors should be emphasized in the study of the karst environment.