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光动力疗法(photodynamic therapy，PDT)是治疗肿瘤的有效手段之一，PDT治疗可导致肿瘤细胞的死亡和凋亡，并损伤肿瘤相关血管。近年来，PDT的免疫机制越来越受到关注。肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸是肿瘤发生发展的重要因素。PDT治疗肿瘤时，可通过免疫原性细胞死亡(immunogenic cell death, ICD)诱导肿瘤细胞表达损伤相关分子模式(damage associated molecular patterns, DAMPs)，从而活化树突状细胞，诱导机体特异性抗肿瘤免疫。同时，PDT还可影响肿瘤微环境中的相关免疫细胞和因子，进而增强机体抗肿瘤反应。光动力治疗和其他免疫治疗联合应用亦能增强疗效。故光动力治疗的免疫机制研究将为肿瘤治疗提供可能的新思路。“,”Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective method for the treatment of cutaneous carcinoma, which can cause tumor cell death and apoptosis, and damage tumor-associated blood vessels. In recent years, the immune mechanism of PDT has also received attention. The tumor immune escape in tumorigenesis is an important factor. PDT therapy can induce tumor cells to express damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by immunogenic cell death (ICD), thereby activating dendritic cells (DCs) and inducing anti-tumor adaptive immune responses. At the same time, PDT can affect the relevant immune cells and factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME), thus enhancing the body′s anti-tumor response. The combination of photodynamic therapy and other immunotherapies can also enhance efficacy. Therefore, the research on the immune mechanism of photodynamic therapy will provide possible new ideas for cancer treatment.