国际仲裁是解决跨国商事纠纷的主要方式。《纽约公约》使外国仲裁裁决在几乎全球范围内获得承认及执行。中国是《纽约公约》的成员国,中国法院在判断是否应拒绝承认和执行某一外国仲裁裁决时,主要是以《纽约公约》作为法律依据。结合《纽约公约》的规定和司法实践,本文分析了中国对外国仲裁裁决的界定标准,并系统地论述了中国拒绝承认与执行外国仲裁裁决的理由。 International arbitration is the main solution to disputes over transnational commercial matters. The New York Convention allows foreign arbitral awards to be recognized and enforced on a nearly global scale. China is a member of the New York Convention. When judging whether a foreign arbitration award should be rejected or enforced, Chinese courts mainly rely on the New York Convention as the legal basis. Combined with the New York Convention and judicial practice, this article analyzes China’s definition of foreign arbitral awards and systematically discusses China’s reasons for refusing to recognize and enforce foreign arbitral awards.