目的探讨血清白蛋白(ALB)水平对晚期早产儿感染预后的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2012年7月至2013年7月我院儿科新生儿监护室收治的晚期早产儿(胎龄34~36周)完整临床资料,包括相关实验室检查指标、新生儿危重病例评分(NCIS)、围产期合并症、转归等;根据血清ALB水平,将所有纳入新生儿分为>30 g/L、25~30 g/L、<25 g/L 3组。结果共纳入257例晚期早产儿,ALB水平<25 g/L组122例,占47.4%。新生儿脓毒症32例,新生儿感染190例,非新生儿感染35例,3组低白蛋白血症发生率分别为84.4%、50.0%、28.6%,病死率分别为15.6%、0.5%、0,脓毒症组低白蛋白血症发生率和病死率高于感染组和非感染组(P<0.05),感染组和非感染组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。存活组ALB水平高于死亡组[(29.6±7.5)比(20.4±6.9)g/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ALB<25 g/L组NCIS单项危重病例比例和脏器损伤≥4个的比例分别为65.5%和26.2%,单项危重病例比例高于其余两组,脏器损伤≥4个的比例高于>30 g/L组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新生儿脓毒症患儿低白蛋白血症发生率高,患儿血清ALB水平与预后关系密切。ALB水平测定对新生儿早期感染预后有良好的评估价值。 Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum albumin (ALB) in the prognosis of advanced preterm children. Methods A retrospective analysis of the complete clinical data of late preterm infants (gestational age 34-36 weeks) admitted from Pediatric Neonatal Care Unit from July 2012 to July 2013 in our hospital included relevant laboratory tests, neonatal critical illness scores ( NCIS), perinatal complications and prognosis. According to the level of serum ALB, all newborn infants were divided into three groups:> 30 g / L, 25-30 g / L and <25 g / L. Results A total of 257 cases of late preterm children were enrolled. 122 cases (47.4%) had ALB level <25 g / L. 32 cases of neonatal sepsis, 190 cases of neonatal infection, 35 cases of non-neonatal infection, the incidence of hypoalbuminemia in three groups were 84.4%, 50.0%, 28.6%, respectively, the case fatality rates were 15.6%, 0.5% The incidence and mortality of hypoalbuminemia in sepsis group were higher than those in infected and noninfected (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between infected and noninfected (P> 0.05). The level of ALB in survival group was higher than that in death group [(29.6 ± 7.5) vs. (20.4 ± 6.9) g / L], with significant difference (P <0.05). ALB <25 g / L group NCIS single critical illness and organ damage ≥ 4 were 65.5% and 26.2%, respectively, the proportion of single critically ill patients was higher than the other two groups, the proportion of organ damage ≥ 4 were higher than> 30 g / L group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of hypoalbuminemia in neonates with sepsis is high, and the serum ALB level in children with neonatal sepsis is closely related to the prognosis. ALB levels have a good prognostic value for early neonatal infection.