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汉字难一直被看作汉语国际教育瓶颈,在非汉字文化圈尤其如此。它带来两个严重后果:第一,学生流失。陆俭明(2013)把它叫做“低谷”现象:学生刚一接触汉字就因畏惧心理而大批弃学。此种状况极为常见。学生都没了,还谈什么汉语国际教育呢?第二,教学效率低下。德国柯彼德教授(1993)说,学汉字占学汉语“80-90%的时间”。国外甚至有学者把汉字看作是“封闭中国文化的长城”。“汉字难”的原因,客观上当然是汉字特点。
Chinese characters have always been regarded as bottlenecks in Chinese international education, especially in non-Chinese cultural circles. It has two serious consequences: first, the loss of students. Lu Jianming (2013) called it the phenomenon of “trough”: when students were exposed to Chinese characters, they dropped out of school due to fear. This situation is extremely common. Students are gone, but also talk about what Chinese international education? Second, teaching inefficient. Professor Kirkbeider German (1993) said that learning Chinese characters accounted for Chinese “80-90% of the time”. Some scholars even think of Chinese characters as “Great Wall of Closed Chinese Culture”. “Chinese characters difficult” reason, objectively, of course, is the characteristics of Chinese characters.