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乙苯在工业上通过苯与乙烷的烷化工序合成,主要用于苯乙烯的生产。乙苯还作为油漆稀释剂、发动机和航油中的防爆剂少量使用。市售的二甲苯中含有最高达25%的乙苯,并在油漆、印染油墨、农药生产等过程中广泛使用。流行病学调查发现,乙苯的人群接触主要来自于石油化工行业的职业暴露,此外,汽车尾气和香烟烟雾也含有低水平乙苯,食品等其他消费品中也可见乙苯的残留。大量研究表明,大剂量乙苯接触可引起听力下降、肝肾实质性损伤,严重者可诱发肿瘤。
Ethyl benzene in the industry through the alkylation of benzene and ethane synthesis process, mainly for the production of styrene. Ethylbenzene is also used as a paint thinner and a small amount of anti-knocking agent in engines and jet fuel. Commercially available xylene contains up to 25% ethylbenzene and is widely used in paints, printing and dyeing inks, and pesticide production. Epidemiological survey found that exposure of ethylbenzene mainly comes from the occupational exposure of the petrochemical industry. In addition, automobile exhaust and cigarette smoke also contain low levels of ethylbenzene, and ethylbenzene residues are also found in other consumer goods such as food. A large number of studies have shown that large doses of ethylbenzene exposure can cause hearing loss, liver and kidney substantive damage, severe cases can induce tumors.