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本文用薄晶体透射电镜和单色化x线衍射方法研究了50Mn18Cr4奥氏体钢的形变强化机理。实验结果表明,这种钢的层错能很低,轻微变形之后就产生大量层错。随着变形量的增加,对于奥氏体稳定性较高的钢,层错倾向于发展成形变孪晶;对于奥氏体稳定性较低的钢,层错倾向于发展成ε马氏体。此外,通过电子衍衬象还观察了层错、形变享晶、ε马氏体和晶界对位错运动的阻碍作用。在此基础上,对高锰奥氏体钢形变强化机制及其与钢中化学成分的关系作了分析与讨论。
In this paper, the mechanism of deformation strengthening of 50Mn18Cr4 austenitic steels was studied by thin-crystal transmission electron microscopy and monochromatic X-ray diffraction. Experimental results show that the steel layer fault can be very low, a slight deformation after a lot of fault. With the increase of deformation, for the steel with higher austenite stability, the stratigraphic faults tend to develop into deforming twins. For steels with lower austenite stability, the strata faults tend to develop into ε martensite. In addition, the effects of stacking fault, deformable crystal, ε-martensite and grain boundary on dislocation motions were also observed by electron diffraction. On this basis, the relationship between deformation mechanism of high-manganese austenite steel and its chemical composition in steel was analyzed and discussed.