移植后淋巴细胞增殖性疾病是造血干细胞移植及实体器官移植后一组发生率相对较低、进展迅速、预后极差的并发症,可表现为明显的临床及病理异质性。本讲座介绍了近几年来在移植后淋巴细胞增殖性疾病发病机制和发生率、临床表现和病理诊断、移植后监测以及预防和治疗方面的研究进展。 Lymphoproliferative diseases after transplantation is a complication of relatively low incidence, rapid progression and extremely poor prognosis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and solid organ transplantation, which can manifest as obvious clinical and pathological heterogeneity. This lecture introduces the research progress in the pathogenesis and incidence of post-transplant lymphoproliferative diseases in recent years, clinical and pathological diagnosis, post-transplant monitoring and prevention and treatment.