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间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)是一类多功能干细胞,在细胞治疗和再生医学领域受到研究者的极大关注。最近在MSCs的旁分泌机制和细胞因子对MSCs的调控方面取得的重大研究进展提示,MSCs在临床应用方面具有多种潜能。例如,低氧从多方面影响MSCs功能(细胞周期,细胞分化,旁分泌信号通路和基因表达)。MSCs构建细胞龛调节细胞局部微环境是通过复杂的分泌细胞因子方式实现的,这使得我们对MSCs的认识取得了巨大飞跃。这篇综述集中在上述研究进展上,尤其是低氧条件下MSCs对旁分泌信号通路的调节。除此之外,本文还回顾了近期关于间充质干细胞相关的重要细胞因子和它们在体内、体外作用的相关研究。
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a kind of pluripotent stem cells, are of great concern to researchers in the fields of cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Recent advances in the paracrine mechanism of MSCs and the regulation of MSCs by cytokines suggest that MSCs have multiple potentialities in clinical applications. For example, hypoxia affects MSCs function in many ways (cell cycle, cell differentiation, paracrine signaling pathway and gene expression). The construction of cell niche by MSCs regulates the local microenvironment of the cell through the complex way of secreting cytokines, which makes us make a great leap forward in the understanding of MSCs. This review focuses on the above research progress, especially the regulation of paracrine signaling pathway by MSCs under hypoxic conditions. In addition, this article reviews recent studies of important cytokines related to mesenchymal stem cells and their role in vitro and in vivo.