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目的调查云南省丽江市玉龙县及古城区鼠疫自然疫源地小型兽类鼠体蚤构成及群落多样性特征,为鼠疫防控提供基础依据。方法在丽江玉龙县18个自然村和古城区9个自然村范围内,按鼠疫监测方案进行鼠疫监测,捕获小型兽类,梳捡鼠体蚤后,根据形态学特征对蚤进行种类鉴定;用群落生态学方法计算群落蚤种构成、多样性指数、均匀性指数、优势度指数和丰富度指数。结果此次共捕获鼠体蚤2 831只,包括3科9属11种,其中特新蚤指名亚种占53.87%、方叶栉眼蚤占27.27%、棕形额蚤占7.77%、缓慢细蚤占7.74%,其余7种蚤占3.35%;鼠体蚤多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener)0.194 2~1.458 9、均匀性指数(Pielou)0.280 2~0.922 9、优势度指数(Simpson)0.038 1~0.907 6、丰富度指数(Margalef)0.215 8~1.260 3。结论云南丽江鼠疫疫源地中特新蚤指名亚种、方叶栉眼蚤、棕形额蚤、缓慢细蚤为优势蚤种。
Objective To investigate the constitution and diversity of fleas in small mammals in the plague natural foci of Yulong county and the ancient city of Lijiang in Yunnan province and provide the basis for the prevention and control of plague. Methods In 18 natural villages in Yulong county of Lijiang and 9 natural villages in Gucheng area, the plague surveillance was carried out according to the plague monitoring program. After capturing small mammals and combing the body fleas, the fleas were identified according to their morphological characteristics. The method of community flea species composition, diversity index, evenness index, dominance index and richness index were calculated. Results A total of 2 831 fleas were captured in this study, including 11 species belonging to 9 genera and 3 families. Among them, 53.87% were designated as the new species of flea, 27.27% were the squamose flea, 7.77% Accounting for 7.74% of the total fleas and 3.35% of the remaining seven fleas; Shannon-Wiener 0.194 2 to 1.458 9, Pielou 0.280 2 to 0.922 9, Simpson index 0.038 1 ~ 0.907 6, Margalef 0.215 8 ~ 1.260 3. CONCLUSIONS: The endemic fleas are endemic to the plague foci of Lijiang in Yunnan Province.