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目的对医务人员HIV职业暴露的特点进行分析,探讨HIV职业暴露的防护策略。方法回顾性分析成都市传染病医院28例医务人员HIV职业暴露情况、预防措施及监测结果。结果 28例HIV职业暴露者中护士最多(19例,占67.86%),暴露发生地点病房最多(21例,占75%),暴露途径针刺伤及接触暴露各占50%,暴露级别2级暴露最多(14例,占50%),暴露源类型重度最多(18例,占64.29%),污染物来源血液最多(26例,占92.86%)。28例医务人员HIV职业暴露后局部紧急处理,其中22例预防性用药,医学监测1年,所有暴露者HIV抗体均为阴性。结论 28例医护人员HIV职业暴露者均未感染HIV,暴露人员中病房护士最多,一旦发生HIV职业暴露后局部紧急处理,危险性评估,联合预防性用药,是防止HIV职业暴露和暴露后感染HIV的关键措施。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of HIV occupational exposure of medical staff and to explore the protective strategies of HIV occupational exposure. Methods Retrospective analysis of HIV occupational exposure, preventive measures and monitoring results of 28 medical workers in Chengdu Infectious Disease Hospital. Results The highest number of nurses was found in 28 cases of HIV occupational exposure (19 cases, accounting for 67.86%), the wards (21 cases, accounting for 75%), the exposed stitches and exposure exposures each accounting for 50% and the exposure level 2 The most exposure (14 cases, accounting for 50%), the highest exposure type (18 cases, accounting for 64.29%), the most contaminated blood source (26 cases, accounting for 92.86%). Twenty-eight medical workers were treated for local emergency treatment of HIV after occupational exposure. Among them, 22 were prophylactic medication and medical monitoring was for 1 year. All HIV-positive patients were negative. Conclusion No occupational exposure to HIV was found in 28 medical workers, and most of them were ward nurses. In case of occupational exposure to HIV, local emergency treatment, risk assessment and combination prophylaxis were used to prevent occupational exposure to HIV and HIV infection after exposure The key measure.