一、前言长链正构烷烃脱氢生产烯烃是国外七十年代才成熟的工艺方法。原料为分子筛脱腊腊油,我国此石油馏份丰富、质量高,是一种较理想的生产烯烃原料。它有利于自石油资源来解决烯烃来源合成洗涤剂的安排。我国为发展合成洗涤剂的生产,于一九七三年从美国环球油品公司(uop)引进年产5万吨烷基苯的生产装置,现已投产。为解决对脱氢催化剂的需要,取代uop DEH—5型脱氢催化剂,我厂承担了轻工部下达的此项研究任务。本研究工作的目的为赶超世界水平,进一步提高催化剂的性能,采用油柱成型担体系统的研究基础上,积极开展铂、锡、锂催化剂的研制,在脱氢过程和脱氢催化剂方面进行了大量研究工作。用C_(10-13)馏份正构烷烃为原料考察它们的脱氢性能。经过上百次试验与多次改进,研制出性能更好的烷烃脱氢铂、锡、锂催化剂。以正构烷烃C_(10-13)馏份 I. Introduction Long-chain normal paraffin dehydrogenation of olefins is the seventies abroad only mature technology. Raw materials for the molecular sieve dewaxing wax, China’s oil distillate is rich, high-quality, is a more ideal production of olefin raw materials. It facilitates the arrangement of petroleum-derived synthetic detergents from petroleum sources. In order to develop the production of synthetic detergents, our country has introduced a production plant with an annual output of 50,000 tons of alkylbenzene from the United States Universal Oil Company (uop) in 1973 and is now in operation. In order to solve the need of dehydrogenation catalyst, instead of uop DEH-5 dehydrogenation catalyst, our factory undertakes this research task issued by Ministry of Light Industry. The purpose of this research work is to catch up with the world level and further improve the performance of the catalyst. Based on the research of the oil column forming support system, the research on the catalyst of platinum, tin and lithium is actively carried out. The dehydrogenation process and dehydrogenation catalyst are carried out A lot of research work. The C_ (10-13) fraction n-alkanes as raw materials were investigated for their dehydrogenation properties. After hundreds of tests and multiple improvements, developed better performance alkane dehydrogenation platinum, tin, lithium catalyst. With normal paraffin C_ (10-13) fraction