目的　通过本次调查了解江苏省部分地区农村居民预防艾滋病相关知识的知晓率及有关预防艾滋病媒体宣传需求现状。为今后加强在农村开展预防艾滋病知识的宣传提供信息和依据。方法　选择省内地区经济和交通状况中等发达的农村 ,采用随机整群抽样方法 ,抽取两个乡、 4个村的 16～ 70岁男女居民 95 7人进行一对一问卷调查。结果　调查地区农村居民预防艾滋病知识的知晓率基本达到 ,《中国遏制与预防艾滋病行动计划 (2 0 0 1～ 2 0 0 5年 )》要求的 4 5 . 0 %以上水平 ,但还有一些问题比较模糊如 :与艾滋病病人共用澡盆、共用工具及蚊虫叮咬是否会传染艾滋病 ,正确率分别为 :2 4 . 9%、 4 0 . 6 %、 14 . 3%。经常洗手和戴口罩能否预防艾滋病的正确率为 34. 6 %和 4 1. 8%。在大家应该尽量远离艾滋病病人的问题上回答肯定的占 4 4 . 9%。农村媒体宣传教育以电视和报纸为主导分别为 6 0. 6 %、 5 8. 6 % ,农村有线广播基本处于废用状态。结论　农村居民获得预防艾滋病的相关知识主要通过电视和报纸 ,为进一步提高农村居民预防艾滋病知识的知晓率、消除模糊认识 ,应加强对地区电视台及报刊媒体的指导和督促 ,加强宣传的力度和提高宣传的质量。 Objectives Through this survey, we will understand the awareness of HIV/AIDS prevention among rural residents in some areas of Jiangsu Province and the current state of demand for HIV/AIDS media promotion. To provide information and basis for strengthening the promotion of HIV prevention knowledge in rural areas in the future. Methods The rural areas with moderately developed economy and traffic conditions in the province were selected. A random cluster sampling method was used to collect 95 7 male and female residents aged 16 to 70 in two townships and 4 villages for a one-on-one questionnaire survey. As a result, the awareness rate of HIV/AIDS prevention knowledge among rural residents in the region has basically reached the level of more than 45.0% required by the “China Action Plan for Combating and Preventing AIDS (2001-2005), but there are still some problems. More ambiguous, such as: sharing bathtubs, sharing tools, and mosquito bites with AIDS patients will spread AIDS, the correct rates were: 24.9%, 40.6%, 14.3%. The correct rate of handwashing and wearing masks to prevent AIDS is 34.6% and 41.8%. Answers affirmatively account for 44.9% of the questions that everyone should try to stay away from AIDS patients. Rural media publicity and education were dominated by television and newspapers, which were 60.6 percent and 58.6 percent respectively. Rural cable broadcasting was basically in a state of disuse. Conclusion The rural residents’ knowledge about HIV/AIDS prevention is mainly through TV and newspapers. To further increase the awareness of rural residents on HIV/AIDS prevention and eliminate ambiguous knowledge, it is necessary to strengthen the guidance and supervision of regional TV stations and newspapers and magazines, and to strengthen the intensity and promotion of publicity. The quality of the promotion.