在现行的一些教科书中,对于臭氧的分子结构大都是这样写的:“O_3分子呈三角形,键角116.8°,键长127.8pm,在这个分子中,每个氧原子都以sp~2杂化态相结合,在分子中有一个大π键,π_3~4。”我认为“O_3分子中每个氧原子都以sp~2杂化态相结合”的这种说法是不太合理的,其理由如下: 首先,杂化轨道理论是鲍林为解决多原子分子的空间构型而提出的,是对价键法的补充和发展。对于多原子分子来说,电子对的方向性和分子的空间构型是一致的。我们把多原子分子的一个电子对描述为一个原子的适当的杂 In some current textbooks, most of the molecular structures for ozone are written like this: “The O 3 molecule has a triangular shape with a bond angle of 116.8 ° and a bond length of 127.8 μm. In this molecule, each oxygen atom is sp ~ 2 hybridized States, there is a large π bond in the molecule, π_3 ~ 4. ”I think it is not reasonable to say that every oxygen atom in the O_3 molecule combines with the sp ~ 2 hybrid state. The reasons are as follows: First of all, hybrid orbital theory is proposed by Pauling to solve the spatial configuration of polyatomic molecules, which is the complement and development of the valence bond method. For polyatomic molecules, the orientation of the electron pair is consistent with the spatial configuration of the molecule. We describe an electron pair of polyatomic molecules as an appropriate impurity of an atom