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目的探讨职业暴露环氧乙烷的致癌风险。方法利用美国环保署(EPA)推荐的致癌风险评价准则,对50余年间不同国家和地区的环氧乙烷职业暴露浓度进行分析,计算环氧乙烷职业暴露的致癌风险。结果假设暴露持续工作年限为中国常见的35 a,工作制度为四班三运转时,大部分国家暴露于环氧乙烷的致癌风险在1.0×10~(-6)左右,没有超过美国环保署推荐的可接受的致癌风险范围10~(-4)~10~(-6);按最长日工作时间的两班两运转工作制度,最久工作年限50 a计算,仍没有超过美国环保署推荐的可接受的致癌风险值。结论目前环氧乙烷职业暴露浓度下的致癌风险较低,在职业健康监护中可以考虑重视其他的健康效应。
Objective To investigate the carcinogenic risk of occupational exposure to ethylene oxide. Methods Based on the carcinogenic risk assessment guidelines recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the occupational exposure to ethylene oxide in different countries and regions in more than 50 years was analyzed to calculate the carcinogenic risk of ethylene oxide occupational exposure. As a result, assuming that exposure to continuous working life is 35 years in China and the work system is operated in four shifts, the carcinogenic risk of exposure to ethylene oxide in most countries is about 1.0 × 10 -6, no more than that of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Recommended acceptable carcinogenic risk range 10 ~ (-4) ~ 10 ~ (-6); according to the longest working hours of two classes and two working system, the maximum working life of 50 a calculation, still no more than the US Environmental Protection Agency Recommended Acceptable Carcinogenic Risk Value. Conclusions At present, the carcinogenic risk of occupational exposure to ethylene oxide is low, and other health effects may be considered in occupational health monitoring.