Shock wave is associated with dynamic loading that can result in phase transition(PT), optical and mechanical property changing, and chemical reaction on materials. Here, we report recent progress about shockinduced PT of polycrystalline iron, the underlying mechanism of the optical emission from sapphire, and the synthesis from single-phase Ru Si in the National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics.Results indicated that grain boundary(GB) could affect the PT pressure threshold and rate of iron, the pressure threshold decreases with decreasing GB defects, and the PT rate shows a variation with increasing GB size; wavelength-dependent optical emissivity(non-gray-body emission) would be generated that was not revealed previously for shocked sapphire, and the observed luminescence was from the shock-induced shear bands, but without superheating phenomenon; shock compression could be an effective way to synthesis Ru-Si nanocrystals, when the shock pressure was appropriate; and Ru-Si powder could completely transform to fine-grain structure Cs Cl-type RuSi at 40.4 GPa. Shock wave is associated with dynamic loading that can result in phase transition (PT), optical and mechanical property changing, and chemical reaction on materials. Here, we report recent progress about shock induced PT of polycrystalline iron, the underlying mechanism of the optical emission from sapphire, and the synthesis from single-phase Ru Si in the National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics. Results indicate that grain boundary (GB) could affect the PT pressure threshold and rate of iron, the pressure threshold decreases with decreasing GB defects , and the PT rate shows a variation with increasing GB size; wavelength-dependent optical emissivity (non-gray-body emission) would be that was not revealed previously for shocked sapphire, and the observed luminescence was from the shock-induced shear bands , but without superheating phenomenon; shock compression could be an effective way to synthesis Ru-Si nanocrystals, when the shock pressure was appropriate; and Ru-Si powder could completely transform to fine-grain structure Cs Cl-type RuSi at 40.4 GPa.