目的探讨淋巴细胞亚群及血清抗体水平变化在抗结核感染及结核进展中的作用。方法建立结核分枝杆菌(Mtb)大理临床分离株感染小鼠模型,用ELISA检测血清抗体Ig G、Ig M、Ig A水平;用流式细胞术检测总B细胞、记忆性B细胞及Th1/Th2细胞亚群。结果在Mtb感染晚期(8周),感染组Ig G、Ig M、Ig A水平均较对照组明显升高(P<0.05),感染早期(4周)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组比较,Mtb临床分离株感染早期及感染晚期均有脾脏B细胞(B220+)降低(P<0.05),淋巴结B细胞(CD19+)升高(P<0.05);感染早期及感染晚期类别转换记忆B细胞(B220+Ig DCD27+)均较对照组升高(P<0.05);感染晚期Th1细胞(CD4+IFN-γ+IL-4-)较对照组升高(P<0.05)。结论结核感染刺激B细胞在外周血中重新分布,并生成大量记忆性B细胞和抗体,可能参与抗结核的体液免疫保护作用。 Objective To investigate the role of lymphocyte subsets and serum antibody levels in anti-TB infection and tuberculosis progression. Methods Mice infected with Mtb Dali clinical isolates were established. The levels of Ig G, Ig M and Ig A in serum were detected by ELISA. The levels of total B cells, memory B cells and Th1 / Th2 cell subsets. Results The levels of Ig G, Ig M and Ig A in the infected group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in the early stage (4 weeks) of Mtb infection (P> 0.05) ; Compared with the control group, the B cells (B220 +) in lymphocytes and the lymphocyte B (CD19 +) in the Mtb clinical isolates were significantly lower in the early and late stages of infection (P <0.05) (B220 + Ig DCD27 +) were higher than those in control group (P <0.05). Th1 cells (CD4 + IFN-γ + IL-4-) in the late stage of infection were higher than those in control group (P <0.05). Conclusions Tuberculosis infection stimulates the redistribution of B cells in peripheral blood and produces a large number of memory B cells and antibodies, which may be involved in the anti-tuberculosis humoral immune protection.