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目的：改善乳腺癌患者术后胸部畸形，探讨乳腺癌手术后乳房即刻再造的操作技术和整形效果。方法：乳腺癌改良根治术后，应用下腹横形腹直肌肌皮瓣（ＴＲＡＭ）进行乳房再造。结果：应用ＴＲＡＭ皮瓣即时乳房再造１１例，效果良好。其中１例皮瓣部分坏死，４例因脂肪变性局部硬结形成，最初１例发生腹壁疝。结论：即时乳房再造安全可行，能够满足肿瘤治疗和形体美容两方面的要求，提高患者的生存质量。
OBJECTIVE: To improve postoperative chest malformation in patients with breast cancer, and to discuss the operation technique and plastic effect of immediate breast reconstruction after breast cancer surgery. METHODS: After modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer, breast reconstruction was performed using the transverse lower rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap (TRAM). RESULTS: 11 cases of breast reconstruction with TRAM flaps were performed with good results. In one case, there was partial necrosis of the flap, 4 cases had local induration due to steatosis, and 1 case had abdominal hernia in the first case. Conclusion: Instant breast reconstruction is safe and feasible. It can meet the requirements of tumor treatment and physical beauty and improve the quality of life of patients.