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一、词汇过关
1. survive
【考纲释义】 vi活下来, 幸存,残存
vt比……活得长 / 长命; 经历……后依然活着;幸免于,从……中逃生
The old lady has survived all her children. 那位老奶奶比她的孩子们都长寿。
Her husband died in the accident, but she survived.她的丈夫死于那场事故,但她却活下来了。
These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions.这些植物不能在非常冷的条件下生存。
【知识拓展】
survivorn. 幸存者; 残存者; 生还者
survivaln. 继续生存 / 存在,生存;残存的人、风俗、信仰等
People sent help to the survivors of the earthquake.人们对地震生还者给予救助。
the survival of the fittest适者生存
2. amaze
【考纲释义】 vt. 使大为惊异;使惊愕;使愕然
You amaze me! 你使我大为惊异!
I was amazed at the news. = I was amazed to hear the news.我听到这个消息大为吃惊。
【知识拓展】
amazingadj. 令人(感到)吃惊的,令人惊喜的,常用来修饰物。
amazedadj. (使人感到)吃惊的, 惊奇的, 常用来修饰人。
amazementn. 吃惊
an amazing achievement / discovery 惊人的成就 / 发现
We are amazed at the news.听到那个消息,我们感到很吃惊。
He looked at me in amazement. 他惊奇地望着我。
3. design
【考纲释义】 n. 图样, 设计, 构思, 计划,企图,图谋vt & vi. 设计, 构思, 策划,谋划,预定,指定
The building seats 2000 people, but is poor in design.这栋建筑物有二千个座位,但设计很糟糕。
He designs for a large firm of carpet manufacturers. 他为一家织造地毯的大公司设计图案。
The course of study is designed to help those wishing to teach abroad.这门课程是为帮助欲到国外教书的人而开的。
The room was designed as a children’s playroom. 这个房间预留作孩子们的游戏室。
【知识拓展】
designern. 设计师,制图者designingadj. 有阴谋的, 狡猾的 designedlyadv. 故意地by design = on purpose 故意地,有目的have designs on /against图谋占有或夺取design for / as / to do留作;打算 / 计划做…… be designed for / as sth. / sb.打算给……用; 为……而设计的
4. fancy
【考纲释义】 n. 想象力;幻想;爱好、喜爱adj. 颜色鲜艳的,悦目的;特别装饰的 vt. 想象,以为;喜爱;假想;用于祈使句,表诧异,震惊等
Did I really hear someone come in or was it only a fancy?我是真听到有人来,或者只是一种幻觉?
Children usually like fancy goods.孩子们都喜欢色彩鲜艳的东西。
I can’t fancy his doing such a thing. 我不能想象他做这种事。
What do you fancy for your dinner?你午饭喜欢吃什么?
He fancies himself as an artist.他认为自己是位了一起的艺术家。
Fancy meeting so many old friends here! 真想不到在这里遇到这么多老朋友.
【知识拓展】
take a fancy to喜爱(sth) catch / take one’s fancy 投合……心意,吸引fancy skating花样滑冰 fancy diving花式跳水fancy fresh fruits特级鲜果 fancy(one’s) doing 想象 / 认为 / 喜爱……
5. remain
【考纲释义】 vi. 剩下;遗留;link-verb. 后接n. / adj./ 过去分词 / 不定式等
If you take 3 from 8, 5 remains. 八减三剩五。
Much remains to be settled. 待解决的事尚多。
Let things remain as they are. 一切听其自然吧。
I shall remain to see the end of the game.我将留下来看比赛的结果。
【知识拓展】 remains 所剩下或遗留者;尸体,遗骸remainder 剩余物,剩下的人或物
Twenty people came in and the remainder stayed outside.二十个人进来,其余的留在外面。
the remains of ancient Rome古罗马遗址
【比较辨析】 remaining adj. 剩下的,修饰名词,放在名词的前面。
left adj剩下的,修饰名词,放在名词的后面,作后置定语。
He bought a new book with the remaining 40 yuan. = He bought a new book with the 40 yuan left.
二、短语诠释
1. be(very) valuable = be of (great) value (很)有价值
The cultural relics are very valuable. =The cultural relics are of great value.这些遗址很有价值。
【知识拓展】
be of + (great / much / little / no) + n. = be + very/ not + adj.表示主语的某种性质, 形状或特征。
be of use / help / interest = be useful /helpful / interesting
The meeting is not important. = The meeting is of no importance.这个会不重要。
The medicine is of great use. = The medicine is very useful. 这种药很有效。
They are of the same age. 他们一样大。
2. in search of … 搜索, (以)寻找……
They are in search of the missing girl.他们正在寻找那个失踪的女孩。
I looked everywhere in search of my glasses. 我到处找我的眼镜。
【知识拓展】
search sb. / sth. 搜查search for…寻找……
They are searching for the lost girl. 他们正在找那个迷路的女孩。
3.in return作为报答; 回报; in return for作为……报答 / 回报 / 回礼
Lei Feng was always helping people without expecting anything in return. 雷锋总是乐于助人,不希望任何回报。
We get money in return for labor. 我们的劳动以金钱来回报。
I bought him a drink in return for his help.我请他喝酒以酬谢他的帮助。
I sent him a present in return for his help.我送给他一份礼物以回报他的帮助。
【知识拓展】
in reply(to...)作为(对……)报答;in honour of 向……表示敬意,为纪念;
in praise of 称赞; in memory of 为纪念,为追悼;in favor of赞成
4. at war在交战状态中
The country has been at war with its neighbour for two years. 这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。
The two sisters are constantly at war with each other.这两姐妹不时发生争执。
【知识拓展】介词 + 名词(表状态)
atwar / work / home / table在交战中 / 在工作中 / 在家 / 在吃饭
onshow / duty / sale / holiday / fire / watch 在展览中 / 值日 / 在展销中 / 在度假 / 着火 / 在值班
introuble / danger / battle / doubt处于麻烦中 / 危险中 / 战斗中 / 怀疑中
underrepair / discussion / construction 在维修中 / 讨论中 / 建造中
三、句式详解
1. Frederick William I, the King of Prus-sia, could never have imagined that his great-est gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
情态动词(would / might / must / should) + have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测,批评,反悔等意思。can / could +have done 常用于疑问句和否定句中,表示对过去发生的事情有把握的推测, 表 “很可能……”,也可以表示“本来(过去)可以做到,但实际并没有做到”之意,否定表“不可能……”;若要表示对过去的事情进行肯定的推测,用must have done。例如:
When you spoke in front of 300 people, you must have felt very nervous.你面对300人讲话时,一定会感到很紧张。
I wonder why she hasn’t written to us lately. We should have heard from her by now.我很奇怪她最近为什么没来信,现在(我们)该有她的消息了。
You could have passed the exam.你本来考试是可以通过的。
It is a good thing you didn’t lend it to him. You might never have got it back.幸好你没有借给他,你可能永远也要不回来。
3. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问,这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡,当时德国在波罗的海的一个城市。
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问,是固定句型。that the boxes were then put on a train...是 no doubt 的同位语从句,此类从句通常用that 来引导。
doubt 也可作及物动词,“怀疑,不信”。无论doubt是什么词性,在肯定句中常接whether / if 从句,在否定句中常接 that 从句。
There is no doubt that the man is telling a lie.毫无疑问那个人在撒谎。
注意:There is no doubt后接名词时需用介词about / of。如:
There is no doubt about his honesty.毫无疑问他是诚实的。
I doubt whether we can get the first place in the competition.我怀疑是否我们能得竞赛第一名。
We don’t doubt that he can do it well.我们毫不怀疑他能干好。
I doubt if it is true.我看这未必是事实。
1. survive
【考纲释义】 vi活下来, 幸存,残存
vt比……活得长 / 长命; 经历……后依然活着;幸免于,从……中逃生
The old lady has survived all her children. 那位老奶奶比她的孩子们都长寿。
Her husband died in the accident, but she survived.她的丈夫死于那场事故,但她却活下来了。
These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions.这些植物不能在非常冷的条件下生存。
【知识拓展】
survivorn. 幸存者; 残存者; 生还者
survivaln. 继续生存 / 存在,生存;残存的人、风俗、信仰等
People sent help to the survivors of the earthquake.人们对地震生还者给予救助。
the survival of the fittest适者生存
2. amaze
【考纲释义】 vt. 使大为惊异;使惊愕;使愕然
You amaze me! 你使我大为惊异!
I was amazed at the news. = I was amazed to hear the news.我听到这个消息大为吃惊。
【知识拓展】
amazingadj. 令人(感到)吃惊的,令人惊喜的,常用来修饰物。
amazedadj. (使人感到)吃惊的, 惊奇的, 常用来修饰人。
amazementn. 吃惊
an amazing achievement / discovery 惊人的成就 / 发现
We are amazed at the news.听到那个消息,我们感到很吃惊。
He looked at me in amazement. 他惊奇地望着我。
3. design
【考纲释义】 n. 图样, 设计, 构思, 计划,企图,图谋vt & vi. 设计, 构思, 策划,谋划,预定,指定
The building seats 2000 people, but is poor in design.这栋建筑物有二千个座位,但设计很糟糕。
He designs for a large firm of carpet manufacturers. 他为一家织造地毯的大公司设计图案。
The course of study is designed to help those wishing to teach abroad.这门课程是为帮助欲到国外教书的人而开的。
The room was designed as a children’s playroom. 这个房间预留作孩子们的游戏室。
【知识拓展】
designern. 设计师,制图者designingadj. 有阴谋的, 狡猾的 designedlyadv. 故意地by design = on purpose 故意地,有目的have designs on /against图谋占有或夺取design for / as / to do留作;打算 / 计划做…… be designed for / as sth. / sb.打算给……用; 为……而设计的
4. fancy
【考纲释义】 n. 想象力;幻想;爱好、喜爱adj. 颜色鲜艳的,悦目的;特别装饰的 vt. 想象,以为;喜爱;假想;用于祈使句,表诧异,震惊等
Did I really hear someone come in or was it only a fancy?我是真听到有人来,或者只是一种幻觉?
Children usually like fancy goods.孩子们都喜欢色彩鲜艳的东西。
I can’t fancy his doing such a thing. 我不能想象他做这种事。
What do you fancy for your dinner?你午饭喜欢吃什么?
He fancies himself as an artist.他认为自己是位了一起的艺术家。
Fancy meeting so many old friends here! 真想不到在这里遇到这么多老朋友.
【知识拓展】
take a fancy to喜爱(sth) catch / take one’s fancy 投合……心意,吸引fancy skating花样滑冰 fancy diving花式跳水fancy fresh fruits特级鲜果 fancy(one’s) doing 想象 / 认为 / 喜爱……
5. remain
【考纲释义】 vi. 剩下;遗留;link-verb. 后接n. / adj./ 过去分词 / 不定式等
If you take 3 from 8, 5 remains. 八减三剩五。
Much remains to be settled. 待解决的事尚多。
Let things remain as they are. 一切听其自然吧。
I shall remain to see the end of the game.我将留下来看比赛的结果。
【知识拓展】 remains 所剩下或遗留者;尸体,遗骸remainder 剩余物,剩下的人或物
Twenty people came in and the remainder stayed outside.二十个人进来,其余的留在外面。
the remains of ancient Rome古罗马遗址
【比较辨析】 remaining adj. 剩下的,修饰名词,放在名词的前面。
left adj剩下的,修饰名词,放在名词的后面,作后置定语。
He bought a new book with the remaining 40 yuan. = He bought a new book with the 40 yuan left.
二、短语诠释
1. be(very) valuable = be of (great) value (很)有价值
The cultural relics are very valuable. =The cultural relics are of great value.这些遗址很有价值。
【知识拓展】
be of + (great / much / little / no) + n. = be + very/ not + adj.表示主语的某种性质, 形状或特征。
be of use / help / interest = be useful /helpful / interesting
The meeting is not important. = The meeting is of no importance.这个会不重要。
The medicine is of great use. = The medicine is very useful. 这种药很有效。
They are of the same age. 他们一样大。
2. in search of … 搜索, (以)寻找……
They are in search of the missing girl.他们正在寻找那个失踪的女孩。
I looked everywhere in search of my glasses. 我到处找我的眼镜。
【知识拓展】
search sb. / sth. 搜查search for…寻找……
They are searching for the lost girl. 他们正在找那个迷路的女孩。
3.in return作为报答; 回报; in return for作为……报答 / 回报 / 回礼
Lei Feng was always helping people without expecting anything in return. 雷锋总是乐于助人,不希望任何回报。
We get money in return for labor. 我们的劳动以金钱来回报。
I bought him a drink in return for his help.我请他喝酒以酬谢他的帮助。
I sent him a present in return for his help.我送给他一份礼物以回报他的帮助。
【知识拓展】
in reply(to...)作为(对……)报答;in honour of 向……表示敬意,为纪念;
in praise of 称赞; in memory of 为纪念,为追悼;in favor of赞成
4. at war在交战状态中
The country has been at war with its neighbour for two years. 这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。
The two sisters are constantly at war with each other.这两姐妹不时发生争执。
【知识拓展】介词 + 名词(表状态)
atwar / work / home / table在交战中 / 在工作中 / 在家 / 在吃饭
onshow / duty / sale / holiday / fire / watch 在展览中 / 值日 / 在展销中 / 在度假 / 着火 / 在值班
introuble / danger / battle / doubt处于麻烦中 / 危险中 / 战斗中 / 怀疑中
underrepair / discussion / construction 在维修中 / 讨论中 / 建造中
三、句式详解
1. Frederick William I, the King of Prus-sia, could never have imagined that his great-est gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
情态动词(would / might / must / should) + have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测,批评,反悔等意思。can / could +have done 常用于疑问句和否定句中,表示对过去发生的事情有把握的推测, 表 “很可能……”,也可以表示“本来(过去)可以做到,但实际并没有做到”之意,否定表“不可能……”;若要表示对过去的事情进行肯定的推测,用must have done。例如:
When you spoke in front of 300 people, you must have felt very nervous.你面对300人讲话时,一定会感到很紧张。
I wonder why she hasn’t written to us lately. We should have heard from her by now.我很奇怪她最近为什么没来信,现在(我们)该有她的消息了。
You could have passed the exam.你本来考试是可以通过的。
It is a good thing you didn’t lend it to him. You might never have got it back.幸好你没有借给他,你可能永远也要不回来。
3. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问,这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡,当时德国在波罗的海的一个城市。
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问,是固定句型。that the boxes were then put on a train...是 no doubt 的同位语从句,此类从句通常用that 来引导。
doubt 也可作及物动词,“怀疑,不信”。无论doubt是什么词性,在肯定句中常接whether / if 从句,在否定句中常接 that 从句。
There is no doubt that the man is telling a lie.毫无疑问那个人在撒谎。
注意:There is no doubt后接名词时需用介词about / of。如:
There is no doubt about his honesty.毫无疑问他是诚实的。
I doubt whether we can get the first place in the competition.我怀疑是否我们能得竞赛第一名。
We don’t doubt that he can do it well.我们毫不怀疑他能干好。
I doubt if it is true.我看这未必是事实。