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本文在平板一维热传导理论解答的基础上建立了统计模型,采用国内已建四个拱坝的实测资料作为子样,求得一组计算拱坝最大均匀温升、温降的经验公式。这些公式计算简单,使用方便,计算误差比长期沿用的美国垦务局公式小。为了确定统计模型中的水库水温因子,本文还对十九个水库水温实测资料进行统计分析,给出了计算水温年平均值,年变幅值的指数型经验公式,计算误差也比其他方法小。上述经验公式有一定代表性,可供中小型工程设计采用,也可供大型工程在初步设计或方案比较阶段使用。
In this paper, a statistical model is established based on the theory of one-dimensional plate heat conduction. Based on the measured data of four arch dams in China, a set of empirical formulas for calculating the maximum uniform temperature rise and temperature drop of an arch dam are obtained. These formulas are simple to calculate, easy to use, and have a smaller calculation error than the long-term US Bureau of Reclamation formula. In order to determine the reservoir water temperature factor in the statistical model, this paper also statistical analysis of the measured data of 19 reservoirs, exponential empirical formula for calculating annual mean and annual amplitude of water temperature, the calculation error is also smaller than other methods . The above empirical formula has some representative, can be used for small and medium engineering design, but also for large-scale projects in the preliminary design or program comparison stage.