直肠癌可侵犯周围脏器,所引起的症状,有时较直肠癌的原发症状更为显著,给临床诊治带来困难,以下报道一例误诊为前列腺肥大的直肠癌.病例:患者,男58岁,尿频、尿急、尿痛伴血尿三月.以往有前列腺肥大病史.入院前一月,曾在外院行前列腺局部注射治疗.用药十余次后,症状反而加重,并有高热,遂来本院就诊.在门诊用青霉素等抗炎治疗后,疗效不好,拟诊为前列腺炎、尿路感染、尿潴留收住院.入院后继续予以抗炎及膀胱冲洗治疗,但病情未见控制.行肛门指检扪及直肠腔内巨大肿块下缘,CT及纤维结肠镜检发现直肠赘生物,上达乙状结肠交界处,下距肛缘8厘米.病理诊断为腺癌.膀胱镜检查发现膀胱三角区及底部癌肿广泛浸润. Rectal cancer can invade the surrounding organs. The symptoms caused are sometimes more significant than the primary symptoms of rectal cancer. It is difficult for clinical diagnosis and treatment. One case reported below was misdiagnosed as rectal cancer with enlarged prostate. Case: Patient, 58 years old , Frequent urination, urgency, dysuria, and hematuria in March. In the past, there was a history of prostatic hypertrophy. In the month before admission, he had been treated with a local injection of the prostate. After more than 10 doses, symptoms worsened, and there was high fever. Hospital treatment. After outpatient use of anti-inflammatory treatment such as penicillin, the effect is not good, was diagnosed with prostatitis, urinary tract infection, urinary and phlegm retention hospital. After admission to continue to be anti-inflammatory and bladder irrigation treatment, but the condition is not controlled. Anal fistula and the lower edge of a large mass in the lumen of the rectum. CT and fibro-colonoscopy revealed rectal vegetation, up to the sigmoid junction, 8 cm below the anal margin. Pathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma. Cystoscopy revealed trigone area And the bottom cancer is extensively infiltrated.