论文部分内容阅读
【Abstract】This study is carried out on the teaching problems existing in the current secondary vocational school， which summarizes the shortage and blank of the secondary vocational school teaching.And the secondary vocational school virtual training system is exploited based on Virtools platform. At the same time， this paper states the framework and key technologies of the virtual training system.This system let trainees profound experience the process about the learning of knowledge， the principle of demonstration， examination evaluation of operation， that will become an important auxiliary teaching means to vocational colleges.
【Key words】Virtual practice ； Virtools ； Vocational education
【中圖分类号】G64 【文献标识码】B 【文章编号】2095-3089（2015）7-0018-02
1.Introduction
With the rapid development of society， enterprises puts forward a higher demand for vocational education to strengthen the cultivation of occupational skill. In the vocational school， experiments and practice teaching is an important link in training students？蒺 professional skills， however due to the inadequate hardware ，the old equipment， and the risky practical operation and so on， so that many vocational school students could not get enough skills training， what is more， this is even hard to meet the requirements of students，training repeatedly. With the continuous development and improvement of virtual reality technology， virtual training has become a new type teaching form， making a innovation practice teaching mode， providing a new train of thought， which not only effectively solve the problems existed in the practice teaching of school， but also break the bottleneck which restricts the development of vocational education， injects fresh energy to the vocational education. So the study and development of secondary vocational school virtual training teaching system becomes very important.
2.Introduction of the “virtual Mechanical training system”
The design and development of this system mainly use Photoshop， 3 ds MAX and Virtools software， from material processing of the model and scene building of the interactive operation， the complete development process should be designed and created which based on realistic practice teaching， the aim is to build a virtual training system with the function of information display， autonomous learning， equipment exhibition， simulation operation， training examination， submitting report and so on. The system function module is shown as in figure 1. 2.1 Information display system
Information display function module mainly realizes functions of displaying initial interface and all kinds of information of system such as dynamic information， operating hints， interactive information， etc.Learners can make decision and learn by themselves in respond to alert information. The system is mainly divided into two parts， one part mainly provide learners with system introduction， knowledge display， equipment introduction， operation help and operation hints through a twodimensional interface. The other part is mainly presents information in a threedimensional scene， including trigger message for virtual scene， graphics and videos displaying on threedimensional objects like dynamic display and switch， operating hints of threedimensional display and other functions， making different decisions according to different messages，learners can really feel the personalized training learning process.
2.2 Equipment display system
The functional module constructs a model of virtual scene and instrument exhibition. In virtual exhibition hall， all sorts of equipment instrument are fully exhibited， which mainly including structure of equipment， instruction of theory， demonstration of operation and other functions. This functional module allows learners understand the function of equipment and expertly master the principle of operation thoroughly， at same time， the video or the related documents is shown on the screen in virtual exhibition hall.This style realizes the diversified learning process in a virtual environment.
2.3 Training operation system
The function module is the core part of the system，which mainly presents the learner with the knowledge needed to be learned， practical operation demonstration and virtual practice operation activities. The function module mainly includes the following functions： training target， training content， the demonstration of principle， practical operation and the training report etc. Learners select the corresponding training project and go into the practical learning environment according to their own learning needs. According to learn practical knowledge， understand training principle and virtual operation， complete the training report and a series of incremental learning and operating， Learns can understand the knowledge better. This makes the learners combine the learning with application， the theory with practice，strengthening knowledge grasp and comprehend. The practical operation involves in the selection of equipment， installation and manufacture process， which must be fully comply with the actual practice of operating standards and processes. The system would give feedback information immediately and record the operation information in “operating history” data base，when there is a wrong operation occurs，this would help learners to review the wrong acts in the virtual training. After training，the system have recorded learning result and experience in training report， based on training report，learners review what they had learned once，which greatly improved the system teaching effect. 2.4 Training evaluation
The aim of training evaluation is to test the students’ mastery of knowledge and skills in the practice training process. Upon the training evaluation， learners could see their training deficiency of the knowledge and skills clearly. To provide a testing for further study， students could see inspection as well， reviewing and recalling the previous evaluation errors to strengthen the effects. The module made by two parts， one is testing theory knowledge by a document. The other part is the assessing of practical operation， students choose the assessment of practical projects and carry out the examination of practical operation. After the tests， the system would give assessment results and process analysis table， so they could make a supplement study or something.
3.The key technology of virtual training system’s development
The system generally use 3D Max software to build virtual scene model， equipment and the characters， then use Virtools 5.0 to realize various realtime interaction. The development process of virtual training system involves a lot of technology and skills. The paper expounds the key technology of the production process.Including：
1）Processing of character movements and realtime collision；
2）Equipment acquisition， installation；
3）System assessment and training report.
3.1Acting of the role and dealing with the realtime collision
Learners use a Keyboard or mouse to control the virtual character to make movements in the virtual scene. Virtual character is added in master file， Keyboard and mouse information is converted to Virtools， readable information by “Keyboard Mapper”module， then send that to Virtools， engine. In the meanwhile， the system accepts the information of role and invokes the corresponding action to control the behavior of the role using “Unlimited Controller” module. Using “Enhanced Character Keep on Floor” module， the character were kept on the floor or stairs while not through the floor， meanwhile the floor must be added the nature of floor properties.
3.2 Equipment acquisition and operation
After entering the practice and operation system，learners can roam， observe， learn， operate equipment， etc. In the virtual scene，they select all kinds of instruments which are needed in the training.The key is how to pick up and operate the target components. First， put the corresponding name， entity， location， manuals，scripts and other information of the equipment and instruments into the database. In this scene， these equipment keep lightning to remind learners and change their forms when the mouse over the device， then the system invokes the relevant properties of the equipment in the database and show it in the dialog. This function makes learners familiar with the application method of the equipment and understand how to use it quickly. In practice， learners install，operate instruments or drag the model to correct position. All the steps according to the actual process， the system would immediately locate the current position and compare with the predicted correct position， when the distance is less than a certain value it would automatically matches. No matter whether results correct or not， system could automatically detected and showed prompt information， This mechanism is convenient for students to get the right knowledge in a timely manner.
3.3 Check system and training report
The examination consists of two parts， theory examination and practical operation examination. In the theory examination， learners choose specific training project freely， and the system will generate a test by all kinds of theoretical knowledge， forming a degree of difficulty from the corresponding exam question bank， then the test will be added to a new array， at last the system accesses to the array in sequence， showing the topic and the corresponding option. In problem solving， the system would automatically detects whether the selected answer is consistent with the default answer and records the results into an array. After Submitting the answer， the system would record the last result and display it in the interface. Learner could review the test and analysis it for the system would give test analysis results， making learners learn more about the questions of knowledge which involved.
Another part of the test is practical operation test， after selecting the training examination， the system invokes training objectives， interpellation and training modules from the database， these parts comprise of examination project and is recorded into the new array. After entering， the system would call the practical project， equipment， instruments， tools， processes， score， operation records and other information once again， and records the learner？蒺s every step operation automatically， compares these steps with the proper operation of the preset in the process. Then the system records the results and scores in practical array. The corresponding scores，incorrect operation process and the analysis of process are given after the operation， so that learners could known about of practical skills and improved parts， leading to a grasp of every basic skills.
4.Conclusion
In the aspect of vocational education and practice teaching，virtual reality technology provides a more effective and convenient method in the application and development of professional education. This system has a strong practicability and feasibility，which integrates knowledge training， equipment exhibition， practical operation， training assessment as an organic whole entirety， so the training person can master practical knowledge and skills comprehensively in a multiple points of view and diversification. With the soaring of computer technology， virtual reality technology and vocational education， virtual training system keeping improving， and how to achieve a greater interactivity， immersion， collaboration，has become an important support of vocational education and distance education in the future. This study will be used in reference for building other virtual engineering system.
References
[1]Linjun Zeng.Research and implementat of three？鄄dimensional virtual experiment based on Virtools [D].Wuhan：Central China Normal University，2011.
[2]LongHui Cai.The Study on the application of virtual reality technology in Practice teaching—Take Machining practice teaching as an example[D].Guang Dong Technology normal University，2014.
[3]Hui Mu. The Research on Virtoo1？鄄based NC Training Simulation system [D].Shandong University，2009.
【Key words】Virtual practice ； Virtools ； Vocational education
【中圖分类号】G64 【文献标识码】B 【文章编号】2095-3089（2015）7-0018-02
1.Introduction
With the rapid development of society， enterprises puts forward a higher demand for vocational education to strengthen the cultivation of occupational skill. In the vocational school， experiments and practice teaching is an important link in training students？蒺 professional skills， however due to the inadequate hardware ，the old equipment， and the risky practical operation and so on， so that many vocational school students could not get enough skills training， what is more， this is even hard to meet the requirements of students，training repeatedly. With the continuous development and improvement of virtual reality technology， virtual training has become a new type teaching form， making a innovation practice teaching mode， providing a new train of thought， which not only effectively solve the problems existed in the practice teaching of school， but also break the bottleneck which restricts the development of vocational education， injects fresh energy to the vocational education. So the study and development of secondary vocational school virtual training teaching system becomes very important.
2.Introduction of the “virtual Mechanical training system”
The design and development of this system mainly use Photoshop， 3 ds MAX and Virtools software， from material processing of the model and scene building of the interactive operation， the complete development process should be designed and created which based on realistic practice teaching， the aim is to build a virtual training system with the function of information display， autonomous learning， equipment exhibition， simulation operation， training examination， submitting report and so on. The system function module is shown as in figure 1. 2.1 Information display system
Information display function module mainly realizes functions of displaying initial interface and all kinds of information of system such as dynamic information， operating hints， interactive information， etc.Learners can make decision and learn by themselves in respond to alert information. The system is mainly divided into two parts， one part mainly provide learners with system introduction， knowledge display， equipment introduction， operation help and operation hints through a twodimensional interface. The other part is mainly presents information in a threedimensional scene， including trigger message for virtual scene， graphics and videos displaying on threedimensional objects like dynamic display and switch， operating hints of threedimensional display and other functions， making different decisions according to different messages，learners can really feel the personalized training learning process.
2.2 Equipment display system
The functional module constructs a model of virtual scene and instrument exhibition. In virtual exhibition hall， all sorts of equipment instrument are fully exhibited， which mainly including structure of equipment， instruction of theory， demonstration of operation and other functions. This functional module allows learners understand the function of equipment and expertly master the principle of operation thoroughly， at same time， the video or the related documents is shown on the screen in virtual exhibition hall.This style realizes the diversified learning process in a virtual environment.
2.3 Training operation system
The function module is the core part of the system，which mainly presents the learner with the knowledge needed to be learned， practical operation demonstration and virtual practice operation activities. The function module mainly includes the following functions： training target， training content， the demonstration of principle， practical operation and the training report etc. Learners select the corresponding training project and go into the practical learning environment according to their own learning needs. According to learn practical knowledge， understand training principle and virtual operation， complete the training report and a series of incremental learning and operating， Learns can understand the knowledge better. This makes the learners combine the learning with application， the theory with practice，strengthening knowledge grasp and comprehend. The practical operation involves in the selection of equipment， installation and manufacture process， which must be fully comply with the actual practice of operating standards and processes. The system would give feedback information immediately and record the operation information in “operating history” data base，when there is a wrong operation occurs，this would help learners to review the wrong acts in the virtual training. After training，the system have recorded learning result and experience in training report， based on training report，learners review what they had learned once，which greatly improved the system teaching effect. 2.4 Training evaluation
The aim of training evaluation is to test the students’ mastery of knowledge and skills in the practice training process. Upon the training evaluation， learners could see their training deficiency of the knowledge and skills clearly. To provide a testing for further study， students could see inspection as well， reviewing and recalling the previous evaluation errors to strengthen the effects. The module made by two parts， one is testing theory knowledge by a document. The other part is the assessing of practical operation， students choose the assessment of practical projects and carry out the examination of practical operation. After the tests， the system would give assessment results and process analysis table， so they could make a supplement study or something.
3.The key technology of virtual training system’s development
The system generally use 3D Max software to build virtual scene model， equipment and the characters， then use Virtools 5.0 to realize various realtime interaction. The development process of virtual training system involves a lot of technology and skills. The paper expounds the key technology of the production process.Including：
1）Processing of character movements and realtime collision；
2）Equipment acquisition， installation；
3）System assessment and training report.
3.1Acting of the role and dealing with the realtime collision
Learners use a Keyboard or mouse to control the virtual character to make movements in the virtual scene. Virtual character is added in master file， Keyboard and mouse information is converted to Virtools， readable information by “Keyboard Mapper”module， then send that to Virtools， engine. In the meanwhile， the system accepts the information of role and invokes the corresponding action to control the behavior of the role using “Unlimited Controller” module. Using “Enhanced Character Keep on Floor” module， the character were kept on the floor or stairs while not through the floor， meanwhile the floor must be added the nature of floor properties.
3.2 Equipment acquisition and operation
After entering the practice and operation system，learners can roam， observe， learn， operate equipment， etc. In the virtual scene，they select all kinds of instruments which are needed in the training.The key is how to pick up and operate the target components. First， put the corresponding name， entity， location， manuals，scripts and other information of the equipment and instruments into the database. In this scene， these equipment keep lightning to remind learners and change their forms when the mouse over the device， then the system invokes the relevant properties of the equipment in the database and show it in the dialog. This function makes learners familiar with the application method of the equipment and understand how to use it quickly. In practice， learners install，operate instruments or drag the model to correct position. All the steps according to the actual process， the system would immediately locate the current position and compare with the predicted correct position， when the distance is less than a certain value it would automatically matches. No matter whether results correct or not， system could automatically detected and showed prompt information， This mechanism is convenient for students to get the right knowledge in a timely manner.
3.3 Check system and training report
The examination consists of two parts， theory examination and practical operation examination. In the theory examination， learners choose specific training project freely， and the system will generate a test by all kinds of theoretical knowledge， forming a degree of difficulty from the corresponding exam question bank， then the test will be added to a new array， at last the system accesses to the array in sequence， showing the topic and the corresponding option. In problem solving， the system would automatically detects whether the selected answer is consistent with the default answer and records the results into an array. After Submitting the answer， the system would record the last result and display it in the interface. Learner could review the test and analysis it for the system would give test analysis results， making learners learn more about the questions of knowledge which involved.
Another part of the test is practical operation test， after selecting the training examination， the system invokes training objectives， interpellation and training modules from the database， these parts comprise of examination project and is recorded into the new array. After entering， the system would call the practical project， equipment， instruments， tools， processes， score， operation records and other information once again， and records the learner？蒺s every step operation automatically， compares these steps with the proper operation of the preset in the process. Then the system records the results and scores in practical array. The corresponding scores，incorrect operation process and the analysis of process are given after the operation， so that learners could known about of practical skills and improved parts， leading to a grasp of every basic skills.
4.Conclusion
In the aspect of vocational education and practice teaching，virtual reality technology provides a more effective and convenient method in the application and development of professional education. This system has a strong practicability and feasibility，which integrates knowledge training， equipment exhibition， practical operation， training assessment as an organic whole entirety， so the training person can master practical knowledge and skills comprehensively in a multiple points of view and diversification. With the soaring of computer technology， virtual reality technology and vocational education， virtual training system keeping improving， and how to achieve a greater interactivity， immersion， collaboration，has become an important support of vocational education and distance education in the future. This study will be used in reference for building other virtual engineering system.
References
[1]Linjun Zeng.Research and implementat of three？鄄dimensional virtual experiment based on Virtools [D].Wuhan：Central China Normal University，2011.
[2]LongHui Cai.The Study on the application of virtual reality technology in Practice teaching—Take Machining practice teaching as an example[D].Guang Dong Technology normal University，2014.
[3]Hui Mu. The Research on Virtoo1？鄄based NC Training Simulation system [D].Shandong University，2009.