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[目的]探讨术中动脉化疗对癌细胞的杀伤机理。[方法]对11例原发的舌、口底鳞癌患者术中行舌动脉内氮芥一次性动脉化疗，随机抽取6例患者的化疗前后肿瘤组织标本进行光镜及电镜观察比较。[结果]光镜观察下用药前后癌细胞形态学无明显差异，电镜观察下见用药后癌细胞细胞间隙增宽、桥粒半桥粒消失、胞浆疏松、线粒体空泡样变、核固缩等表现。[结论]术中一次性动脉内化疗在短期内即能对癌细胞超微结构有破坏，其抗癌作用直接迅速。
[Objective] To explore the killing mechanism of intraoperative arterial chemotherapy on cancer cells. [Method] 11 patients with primary tongue and floor squamous cell carcinoma were treated with one-time arterial chemotherapy of nitrogen mustard in the tongue, and 6 patients were randomly selected for light and electron microscopy before and after chemotherapy. [Results] There was no significant difference in the morphology of cancer cells before and after administration with light microscopy. Under the electron microscopy observation, the gap between cancer cells, the desmosomes disappeared, the cytoplasm loosened, the vacuolar degeneration of mitochondria, and nuclear condensation were observed. Such performance. [Conclusion] The intraoperative one-time intra-arterial chemotherapy can destroy the ultrastructure of cancer cells in a short time, and its anticancer effect is immediate and rapid.