目的通过对双原发肺癌的临床分析,以提高对本病的认识。方法本研究结合临床诊治体会及文献回顾性分析双原发肺癌的诊断和手术治疗。对8例诊断为双原发肺癌患者的临床资料进行分析。男性6例,女性2例。同时性双原发肺癌2例,异时性双原发肺癌6例,根据肿瘤种类、肿瘤生长部位的不同和患者肺功能情况采取不同的手术方式,5例采用规范的肺叶切除术即肺叶切除加区域淋巴结清除术,第二原发癌2例采用肺叶部分切除术,1例因肺功能较差未予手术治疗。结果本组无围术期死亡,术后并发支气管胸膜瘘1例,1例第二原发癌术后发生呼吸衰竭,经过气管插管呼吸机辅助呼吸治疗后恢复良好。失访1例,1年生存1例,3年生存3例,5年生存1例,2例仍在随访中。结论双原发肺癌临床不易诊断,规范性肺叶切除术是主要治疗方法,术后常规行放化疗,术后随访是发现双原发肺癌的主要手段。 Objective Through the clinical analysis of primary lung cancer in order to raise awareness of the disease. Methods This study combined clinical experience and literature review of the diagnosis of double primary lung cancer and surgical treatment. Eight patients diagnosed as primary lung cancer were analyzed. 6 males and 2 females. There were 2 cases of simultaneous primary primary lung cancer and 6 cases of synchronous primary primary lung cancer. Different surgical procedures were used according to the tumor type, tumor location and lung function. Five patients underwent lobectomy Plus regional lymph node dissection, the second primary cancer in 2 cases with lobectomy, 1 case because of poor lung function without surgery. Results There were no perioperative deaths in this group. One patient had bronchopleural fistula after operation, and one patient had respiratory failure after operation of the second primary cancer. The patients recovered well after tracheal intubation and ventilator assisted ventilation. 1 patient lost to follow-up, 1 patient survived 1 year, 3 patients survived 3 years, 1 patient survived 5 years and 2 patients were still under follow-up. Conclusions Dual primary lung cancer is not easy to be diagnosed clinically. Normative lobectomy is the main treatment method. Conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy are performed after operation. Postoperative follow-up is the main method to find double primary lung cancer.