明清华北村落得到了迅速发展,以乾隆前后为分界,到乾隆初期,村落已经完成大致空间布局,乾隆以后,村庄由数量的增长转变为规模的发展。与村落发展相对应,明清村落地位也得到相应提高,到晚清民国时期,村落已经成为基层社会管理的主体。研究显示,明清村落的发展推动了基层制度的变迁,村落发展是基层制度改革的内生性动力。 The villages in north and south of Ming and Qing dynasties developed rapidly, with Qianlong before and after as the dividing line. By the beginning of Qianlong, the village had completed the general spatial layout. After Qianlong, the village was transformed from quantity to scale. Corresponding to the development of villages, the status of villages in Ming and Qing dynasties also got corresponding improvement. By the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, villages had become the main body of grass-roots social management. The research shows that the development of villages in the Ming and Qing dynasties promoted the change of the grass-roots system. The development of the villages is the endogenous motive force for the reform of the grass-roots system.