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对江苏省东台林场5种不同经营模式,包括银杏(G)、银杏+小麦(GW)、银杏+油菜(GR)、小麦(W)和油菜(R)土壤动物多样性进行调查,以了解不同经营模式对土壤动物群落的影响。试验中每种模式设置10 m×10m样方,每个样方采用品字形取0~5 cm、≥5~10 cm、≥10~15 cm 3个层次的混合样,3月和6月共采集土壤样本90个,经Tullgren土壤动物分离漏斗分离并用75%酒精固定后获土壤动物7 069头,分属于5门9纲21类。通过对物种丰富度(S)、多样性指数(H)、均匀度指数(J)、相似度指数(Q)和密度-类群指数(IDG)5个多样性指数进行分析,结果表明不同经营模式的多样性指数存在显著差异,土壤动物的优势种群为弹尾目和蜱螨目。G、GW、GR的丰富度、均匀度、密度-类群指数都高于W和R模式,优势度指数较小。丰富度指数与密度-类群指数显著正相关,季节只对R模式的多样性指数存在显著影响。G与GW和GR模式的土壤动物群落相似性指数较大,与W和R模式的土壤动物群落相似性较小,W与R模式的相似性较小。试验表明,不同经营模式对土壤动物群落具有一定的影响,与纯农模式相比,银杏复合模式提高了土壤动物的多样性,优化了土壤环境。
We investigated the diversity of soil animal species in five different management models of Dongtai Forest Farm in Jiangsu Province including Ginkgo (G), Ginkgo biloba (GW), Ginkgo biloba (GR), wheat (W) and Rape (R) Impact of Management Model on Soil Animal Community. In the experiment, 10 m × 10 m quadrats were set for each mode. Each quadrat took a mixed sample of 0 ~ 5 cm, ≥5 ~ 10 cm, ≥10 ~ 15 cm. In March and June, Totally 90 soil samples were collected and separated by Tullgren soil animal separation funnel. After fixation with 75% alcohol, 7,069 soil animals were obtained, belonging to 5 classes, 9 classes and 21 classes. Five species diversity indexes, such as species richness (S), diversity index (H), evenness index (J), similarity index (Q) and density-group index (IDG), were analyzed. The results showed that different business models The diversity index of soil animals was significantly different, and the predominant population of soil animals was Pintail and Acarina. The richness, evenness and density-group index of G, GW and GR are higher than that of W and R, and the dominance index is smaller. There was a significant positive correlation between the abundance index and the density-group index, while the season only had a significant effect on the diversity index of the R model. The similarity index of soil fauna community between G and GW and GR model is larger, the similarity to soil fauna in W and R modes is smaller, and the similarity between W and R model is smaller. The results showed that different management modes had some impacts on soil animal community. Compared with pure farming model, Ginkgo biloba composite model increased soil animal diversity and optimized soil environment.