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以海口市为研究对象,采用最小耗费距离模型和克里格差值法,对海口市景观格局进行了优化研究,以为海口市生态环境建设提供参考。结果表明:1)海口市有生态源地46块,北部数量少而规模大、南部数量多而规模小,主要受社会经济活动和地形地貌的影响。2)隐性生态阻力面与显性生态阻力面构建了综合生态阻力面,相比传统方法构建的阻力面,理论上更接近实际状态。隐性生态阻力面与显性生态阻力面的差异能反映生态脆弱局部,这些局部是容易被忽视而又需要重点建设的区域。3)海口市有生态廊道92条,其中建设用地生态廊道21条,耕地生态廊道13条,林地生态廊道58条;有生态节点64个,其中建设用地生态节点1个,耕地生态节点11个,林地生态节点52个。生态廊道和生态节点的功能因类型差异而不同,在生态建设中需采取科学合理的建设措施。
Taking Haikou City as the research object, the least-cost distance model and the Kriging difference method were used to optimize the landscape pattern of Haikou City in order to provide a reference for the eco-environment construction in Haikou City. The results show that: 1) Haikou has 46 ecological sources, with a small number in the north and a large scale, with a large number in the south and a small scale, which are mainly affected by social and economic activities and topography. 2) Implicit ecological resistance surface and dominant ecological resistance surface construct comprehensive ecological resistance surface, which is theoretically closer to the actual state than the traditional resistance surface. The difference between the recessive ecological resistance surface and the dominant ecological resistance surface can reflect the fragile parts of the ecosystem. These parts are easily overlooked areas that need to be constructed emphatically. 3) There are 92 ecological corridors in Haikou City, including 21 ecological corridors for construction land, 13 ecological corridors for cultivated land and 58 ecological corridors for forest land. There are 64 ecological nodes, including 1 ecological node for construction land, 11 nodes, 52 forest ecological nodes. The functions of ecological corridors and ecological nodes are different due to different types of construction. Scientific and reasonable construction measures must be taken in ecological construction.